Антонимические группировки в русском и узбекском языках

Аннотация

Subject of the research: antonymic groups of the main parts of speech in the Russian and Uzbek languages. Purpose of the work: comparative analyses of antonymic groups of the noun, adjective, verb and adverb in Russian and Uzbek languages and to classify of the system, to reveal and identify general and distinctive features of the parts of speech. Methods of the research: the comparative analysis, componential analysis, semantic - stylistic analysis lingual-statistical method. The results achieved and their novelty: the main qualities of universal isomorphism and typological allomorphism are revealed and the following belong to them: productiveness of expression of antonymic relations of the verbs by prefixed formants in the Russian language at the total absence of verbal prefixes in the Uzbek languages; ability of expression of the antonymic relations of verbal type in the Uzbek language by the analytical verbs; advantaged reflective character of antonymic groups of adverbs in the Russian language; unproductiveness of antonymic groups of adverbs in the Uzbek language; wider distribution of antonymy between parts of speech in Uzbek in comparison with Russian in the conclusion of peculiar grammatical syncretism of a number of subjects and adverbs; the antonymic groups of the languages of different typological characteristics - flective Russian and agglutinative Uzbek are defined by the systematic analysis; the classification of antonymic groups in Russian and Uzbek languages was worked out; the terminology dealing with the antonymic groups is partially renewed. Practical value: the results of the research can be used in the sphere of comparative lexicology, grammar in higher educational establishments, manuals, text books on the following problems in working out general and special courses, can be used in the practice of working out - Russian - Uzbek and Uzbek - Russian dictionaries of antonyms. Degree of embedment: the results and materials of the research have been applied in the process of teaching courses on “ Modem Russian Language Lexicology”, Modem Russian Language “Word formation” Comparative grammar of Russian and Uzbek languages of the faculty of Philology of the Samarkand State University. Field of application: lexicology and word formation in Russian and Uzbek languages, Theory and practice of translation, teaching at the higher educational institutions.