ECOLOGIZATION OF GEOGRAPHY AND SOME THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF GEOECOLOGY

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION natural-geographical and economic-geographical It is known that a person turns to regular science sciences that study the geographical shell of the so that he\she better adapts to the natural and Earth, territorial natural and industrial complexes social environment, does not become helpless in and their components. In other words, geography the face of the unruly forces of nature. Science is a is a set of natural and social sciences that study the system of scientific knowledge, the main elements structure, functioning and evolution of the of empirical and theoretical scientific knowledge geographical crust, the relationship and include facts, laws, theories, methods and scientific distribution of natural and natural-social landscapes of the universe. Objectivity, reliability, geosystems and their components in space. Due to systemicity, logicity, determination of scientific the fact that natural geography belongs to the thought validity in experience, ownership of field natural sciences, socio-economic geography methods and concept-terminology apparatus are belongs to the socio-humanitarian sciences, important signs of any discipline. The description, geographical science is simultaneously included in systematization, explanation, application in the system of both natural and socio-humanitarian practice and forecasting of new aspects of the sciences. Also, an integral part of geographical reality of Nature, Society and thinking and science is research cartography, which displays knowledge are included in the main tasks of the through geographical maps the territorial location, sciences [1; 2]. All the features mentioned above interrelation and interrelation of natural also fully apply to the science of geography. phenomena and society. According to N.N. Geography is a system of natural and social, i.e. Baranskiy, ”the map is the second language of https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajiir 13 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY INNOVATIONS AND RESEARCH (ISSN- 2642-7478) VOLUME 06 ISSUE07 geography“, ”any geographical study begins with a (geo-ecological) culture. this happens as a result of map and ends with a map" [3; 42–p.]. the fact that the level has not been formed. Geography is the only fundamental science that Foreign scientists had different views on the comprehensively studies the territorial aspects of common object of geography. For example, the the interaction of nature and society, always being zone of mutual penetration of the lithosphere, a companion to the evolution of man and humanity. atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and There are concepts such as place, area, border, anthroposphere as an object of study of land, country, country or space, Territory that geographical science (P. James, J. Martin) or the cannot be separated from each other, that is, spatial-territorial organization of human society geography means territory, territory means and its relationship with the environment (P. geography. After all, ”geography is a science that Hagget) [7; 11]. studies territorial differences, territorial Based on the analysis of the points that we have composition and territorial systems at all outlined above, geographical science studies times“[4],"... territorial thinking on various scales is geographical objects, processes and phenomena in a fundamental prerequisite of geographical a geographical shell, four main there are science”, "a geographer is a doctor of the territory geospheres in this shell that are interconnected who must know and treat it" [5; 177-179-p.[6; 294 and interact – the atmosphere (an air shell p.], ”When and where they talk about the territory, consisting of a mixture of gases surrounding the the science of geography is certainly considered as Earth), the lithosphere (the solid shell of the Earth priority" [6; 294 p.]. containing the crust and part of the upper mantle), From a pragmatic point of view, any territory the hydrosphere (the water shell of the Earth in a means a resource, raw materials or habitat. Hence solid (icy), liquid (aqueous), gaseous (vapor) state) the problem of territory or geography – one of the and the biosphere (the Earth's shell, in which living eternal and eternal problems of mankind. organisms live and includes natural and However, the scientific misunderstanding of the anthropogenic geosystems of various scales, which true nature of geography, i.e. the view of it as a are formed in their interaction. descriptive science that has existed all its life, The subject of geographical science is the study of somewhat limits the scientific nature of this the territorial-temporal (or spatially modern) ancient science. In particular, when understanding features of the emergence, functioning, pace of the unity and interrelation of nature and society, change and development processes of natural and when developing a Strategy for the socio-economic social geosystems. development of a country or territories, geo