INTERPRETATION OF DEMOCRATIC IDEAS AND PRINCIPLES IN THE WEST AND EAST

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION It is known that the processes of political The widespread promotion and support of transformation that took place around the world at Western democratic principles among the the end of the 20th century created the basis for a population by the Western countries led by the USA change in the geopolitical balance in the Middle had a significant impact on the political and legal East region, the emergence of a certain socio- consciousness of the people of the Middle Eastern ideological gap in this area, as well as the activation countries. It is the democratic ideas of the Western of radical forces. As a result, the region began to lag form, the principles based on individual freedom, behind other regions politically, socially and that gave rise to the conflict of opinions and the economically. development of radical views among the inhabitants of the region. Main part Ideological attacks on existing systems soon began After the events of September 11, 2001, the US to bear fruit. For example, the “democratic” government announced that it would ensure its elections held in Palestine under the pressure of national security by solving global problems and the West led to the organization “Hamas” coming to through global democratization processes. It is the the top of the government. This, in turn, led to an current political system in most countries in the impasse in the resolution of the Arab-Israeli Middle East that has been identified as one of the conflict. There is no need to dwell on the current biggest obstacles to achieving this goal. events in Iraq, Libya, Sudan, Tunisia and Syria. https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei 74 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X) VOLUME 06 ISSUE07 As a result of various disputes and conflicts that treated based on K. Marx's theory called “Asian have occurred in the Middle East region in recent production method”. The essence of this theory years, social, economic and political life has been was based on the misconception that the completely disrupted. In particular, the various administration of power in the East was based on political revolutions that began in 2011 and were despotism, that is violence. Eurocentric views called the “Arab Spring” had a great impact on the (Hegel), geographical supremacy of Europe political processes not only of the region but also of (Montesquieu), visions of the emergence of the whole world. capitalism in Europe (Max Weber), all these were the result of basing the idea that democracy is Thus, what is the reason for the origin of these completely foreign to the Asian way of life [1.272]. processes? What factors led to such a sad situation? Today, it is clear to everyone that the East has its What is the reason why democratic principles that own state history and traditions, management promote ideas such as human rights, stable and system and administration methods, power prosperous life, and freedom have negative results networks, and in this respect, it is no less than the in this region? What are its deep historical West. foundations? A genuine question arises as to what are the differences in views of the people of Eastern In particular, humanitarianism formed on an countries, where the democratic ideas and ideological-philosophical basis is one of the principles that emerged in the West have their own priority aspects of Eastern democracy. characteristics. For example, works such as “Nimon-ut Tavorikh”, That’s true that in the history of mankind, the first “Avesta”, “Guzida”, “Devon un-nasab” written in traditional democratic principles and ideas existed ancient Turkish, Persian, Arabic languages contain both in the West and in the East, however, their valuable information about the political life of the development paths took place in different peoples of the East [2.13].Important sources in this conditions. regard are given in many works such as “Boburnoma”, “Shahnoma” by Abulqasim Firdavsi, Western democracy is mainly focused on the “The City of Virtuous People” by Farabi, “Devonu development of technologies based on the lug'otit-turk” by Mahmud Kashgari, “Qutadgu bilig” individual and his interests, rights and freedoms, by Yusuf Khos Hajib, “Tarihi muluki Ajam” by while Eastern democratic views have developed on Alisher Navoi. the basis of ideas such as the equality, freedom and tolerance of communities and social groups. In In these unique and invaluable sources of Eastern Eastern countries, democracy has developed in philosophy, special importance is attached to the direct harmony with the laws and regulations concept of “norm”, which is a characteristic of the socially based on the mentality, culture and history East, one of its most basic aspects. of the indigenous population, while preserving its In fact, democracy is a form of political culture universal values. In a word, the difference between based on norms. This standard represents a We