SOME ASPECTS IN IMPROVING SELF-DEVELOPMENT COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE PRIMARY CLASS TEACHERS

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION focus, applicability, peculiarity and some other Any scientific classification requires, first of all, the aspects of the methods. determination of common grounds and the identification of characteristics for ranking the This classification is closely related to another, objects that make up the subject of classification. which interprets the nature of the methods in a By what criteria can education methods be built more general way (T.A. Ilyina, I.T. Ogorodnikov). It into a system? Considering that the method of includes methods of persuasion, organizing education is a multidimensional phenomenon, activities, and stimulating the behavior of there are many such signs. A separate classification schoolchildren. The classification of I.S. Maryenko can be made according to any general names such groups of education methods as characteristic. In practice, this is what they do, explanatory-reproductive, problem-situational, obtaining various systems of methods. In modern methods of training and exercise, stimulation, pedagogy, dozens of classifications are known, inhibition, guidance, self-education. Based on the some of which are more suitable for solving results, methods of influencing a student can be practical problems, while others are of only divided into two classes: 1) influences that create theoretical interest. By nature, education methods moral attitudes, motives, relationships, forming are divided into persuasion, exercise, ideas, concepts, ideas; 2) influences that create encouragement and punishment (N.I. Boldyrev, habits that determine this or that type of behavior. N.K. Goncharov, F.F. Korolev, etc.). In this case, the Currently, the most objective and convenient general feature “nature of the method” includes the classification of educational methods is based on https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajiir 16 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY INNOVATIONS AND RESEARCH (ISSN- 2642-7478) VOLUME 06 ISSUE06 orientation - an integrative characteristic that abandoned the use of traditional educational includes in unity the target, content and procedural means, replacing them with direct, simplified, aspects of educational methods (G.I. Shchukina). In thought-free methods of moralizing. The accordance with this characteristic, three groups of effectiveness of such methods turned out to be low: educational methods are distinguished: 1) endless instructions brought little benefit to methods of forming the consciousness of the education. Today's mentors are increasingly individual; 2) methods of organizing activities and including forgotten biblical parables, Aesop's and forming experience of social behavior; 3) methods Krylov's fables, and edifying stories by K.D. of stimulating behavior and activity. Ushinsky and L.N. Tolstoy in their arsenal of methods of persuasion, seeing in them a means of The first stage of properly organized upbringing is reviving the spiritual principles of education. the knowledge (understanding) by the pupil of Stories on ethical topics, explanations, those norms and rules of behavior that should be clarifications, lectures, ethical conversations, formed in the process of upbringing. It is difficult to exhortations, suggestions, instructions, debates, educate or develop any quality without first and reports are also widely practiced. achieving a clear understanding of the meaning of this quality. To form views, concepts, and beliefs, A powerful method of persuasion is an example. methods are used that have received the general Each method has its own specifics and scope of name of methods for forming the consciousness of application. Despite their apparent simplicity, all the individual. The methods of this group are also methods of this group, without exception, require very important for successfully passing the next high pedagogical qualifications. They are used important stage of the educational process - the systematically, in combination with other methods. formation of feelings, emotional experience of the Let's consider the most complex methods of verbal required behavior. If students remain indifferent to and emotional influence in terms of content and pedagogical influence, then, as is known, the application: story, explanation, ethical process develops slowly and rarely achieves the conversation, debate and the method of visual and intended goal. Deep feelings are born when the practical influence - an example. A story on an idea realized by schoolchildren is clothed in bright, ethical topic, which is used primarily in elementary exciting images. In textbooks of previous years, the and middle grades, is a vivid emotional methods of this group were called briefly and more presentation of specific facts and events that have expressively - methods of persuasion, since their moral content. By influencing feelings, the story main purpose is the formation of stable beliefs. It is helps students understand and internalize the not