SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS IN THE CaO-Al2O3 SYSTEM USING ALUMINA-CONTAINING WASTE

Аннотация

This article examines the scientific and literary perspectives, as well as the aesthetic thinking of the author, expressed through the characters of Bulbul, Gul, and Sabo, who are the main protagonists in Salohi’s epic poem “Gul va bulbul” (The Flower and the Nightingale). Additionally, it presents certain viewpoints regarding the role these characters play in shaping the form and content of the work. Keywords: Knowledge, praise, supplication, na’t (praise of the Prophet), text, analysis, interpretation, artistic, Sufism, couplet, line, thought, character. Introduction. The work is moral and didactic in nature, with each character expressing certain views of the author. In particular, one of the main characters is the Nightingale, through which the author intends to create the image of a seeker (solik) who wants to purify their soul. “Solik means “one who moves” in the dictionary. In Sufi terminology, a believer who strives to purify their soul from bad character traits and adopt praiseworthy ones to achieve Allah’s pleasure is called a solik”. At this point, a natural question arises: Why specifically a nightingale? Why not another bird? Because the nightingale is naturally small, unassuming, and rarely seen, but its voice is pleasant. These qualities should be the attributes of a solik. That is, a solik should always consider themselves small, reflecting humility; when described as unassuming, it means they don't place importance on clothing and wear humble garments; and their rare appearance signifies not mixing freely with ordinary people. The nightingale's melodious singing at dawn represents the solik being occupied with remembrance (zikr) at dawn. For a seeker who has taken the path of tariqa, the most convenient time for remembrance is certainly the pre-dawn period. During this time, many forget worship and the remembrance of Allah, becoming heedless. It is recommended that the solik be occupied with zikr during these specific times. Based on these characteristics, the author considers the Nightingale worthy in all respects to embody the image of the solik. Main part. Considering the reasons presented in literary works, it would not be an exaggeration to say that most writers have portrayed the image of the lover through the nightingale. Particularly in Navoi's works, the Nightingale is 127 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference embodied in various forms. In “Lison ut-tayr”, Navoi, influenced by Fariduddin Attar, uses the image of the Nightingale somewhat differently - as a symbol of a person enchanted by external beauty and transient allure: Dedi Bulbul: “K-ey bu majma’g‘a dalil, Men bo‘lubmen gul havosidin zalil. Ondin oyru oshiq-u devonamen, Aql-u hushu sabrdin begonamen. In many of his other works, Navoi literally embodies the image of Bulbul as a lover: Chun bulbulning guli shukufta, Topti bori xalqdin nuxufta. (“Layli va majnun”) In addition to the meanings discussed above, the nightingale in Navoi's work is expressed in several unique forms, such as a melodious poet, writers, soul, and taste. We know that "since the subject (object) of depiction in Sufi literature is the Human being purified through the path of tariqa and continuously progressing towards perfection, the worldview, aesthetics, and realm of experiences of this seeker-traveler Human has been of great importance. In all forms and genres of Sufi literature, the feelings and understanding of this seeker are depicted, and the main task is to educate them, explain to them the Truth and their self- identity, present various legends and stories, and find a way to their consciousness and heart through guidance and admonition”. Therefore, in his work, Salohi embodies the image of a seeker who wants to purify his soul through the Nightingale and expresses a certain part of his Sufi views through it in the subtext. The full description of the Nightingale, which is the main character of the epic “Flower and Nightingale”, can be characterized in the words of Navoi as follows: “Ey shavq gulzorining Bulbuli! Shunday navo chekkilki, sening kuylaringda ajoyib zavq-u shavq sirlari yangrasin! Ishq kuyini ming xil navo bilan tuzgil, benavolik qo‘shig‘ini boshla! Shoh gulistonida gul husniga mast bo‘lib, u gul ishqida mastlikning kayf beruvchi jomini ko‘tar. Bahor chog‘i otashin gul jilva qilgach, uning har bir yaprog‘i parlaringga o‘t yoqsin. Hozir en u toza gulshandan yiroqdasan. Firoq o‘ti jismingni kul aylamoqda. Ko‘m-ko‘k osmon sari parvoz qilgil, o‘sha qizil gul sari mayl ko‘rgazgil. Shoh bo‘stonida yuz gul jilva qilib turadi, sen esa bu yerda hijron shu’lasidan ming bor kuyib-yonasan!”. 128 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference The beloved who is loved by the lover in the work is the image of Gul. In the work, images such as Bulbul, Gul, and Sabo can be evaluated as characters who are distinguished from each other by their direction of will and individual spiritu