Achievements and shortcomings of translation of current scientific works

Аннотация

— One of the main areas of attention is the study of language and terminological difficulties associated with the translation of scientific literature. To help translators in their work, this includes identifying field-specific terminology, investigating ways to resolve linguistic difficulties, and creating specialized dictionaries and databases. Keywords — translatability, terminology, philosophy, classification multiplication, formulation, formulation, analgin. 1. INTRODUCTION As a result of changes in the scientific paradigm that began in the 70s. and expressed in the fact that language is conceived not as an imminent system, but as a system constituting a constitutive property of a person, the attention of linguists focused on the cognitive aspects of language, indicated, who believed that “to study the functioning of language in its the widest scope” is to study it “about the activity of thinking and sensory perception. For example, Volkova Z. believes that the main issue in translation theory is the problem of translatability [7, 24]. By “translatability” this author understands the possibility of accurately conveying the thoughts of the original author with all their nuances, and emerging associations, and preserving the author’s style using the target language. Many prominent linguists abroad have questioned this possibility. Indeed, one cannot completely deny the thesis of untranslatability, since in any language there are always linguistic categories for which there are no correspondences in another language, and this, to one degree or another, affects the invariance of meaning during translation. 2. MAIN PART Lack of correspondence is a relatively rare occurrence. A similar position is held by [3, 7], who points out that only those individual elements of the original language that appear to be deviations from the general norm of the language, tangible about this particular language, are untranslatable, i.e. mainly dialecticisms and those words of social jargon that have a strong local connotation. In this work, we will adhere to the position of Alekseeva L [1, 9]. Who believes that the translation of a scientific text is a special type of communication, and the model of the translator’s speech activity is one of the components of cognitive activity? It should be noted that despite the development of a general translation methodology. The features of the scientific and technical text were most clearly highlighted by Komissarov V [5, 8]. Therefore, many words belong to the vocabulary of everyday speech and have the nominative function of the term. For example: put out - in everyday speech - “put out the fire”, and for sailors - “go out to sea”, stroke - in ordinary speech - “blow”, and for mechanics - “piston stroke”, hoe - generally “hoe”, and for a builder - “backhoe”, etc. This property of words is a particularly dangerous source of difficulties and errors for a novice translator. The frequency of use of words from the main vocabulary differs from the general literary language. The vocabulary of scientific and technical literature is much poorer than the vocabulary of works of art. A term is a word that is necessarily correlated with a specific unit of the corresponding logical-conceptual system in terms of content. Golovin B. and Kobrin R. propose their concept, based on which they classify terms [4, 21]. The deep characteristic of terms allows us to separate them from other units of language and dismember the entire set of terms. This deep feature of terms is their designation of general concepts. Since there are several types of general concepts, different types of terms can be identified. First of all, the most general concepts of matter and its attributes are highlighted, which are called categories (matter, space, time, quantity, quality, measure, and others). Accordingly, terms that denote categories are a type of category terms. Further, at each stage of the development of human knowledge, in each era, a certain number of general scientific and general technical concepts appear that are used in any science (branch of technology) (system, structure, method, law in science, reliability in technology). All of the above types of concepts find their linguistic embodiment in types of terms. Category terms, general scientific and general technical terms, interdisciplinary terms, and special terms are distinguished (examples were given when listing the types of concepts). It is known that typology is the basis of classification. In this sense, the typology of terms described here - the division of terms according to their most important features - represents the actual terminology classification of terms. In particular, in the same system of K. Linnaeus, the names of taxa (terms of observation) include the names of taxonomic categories: Betulapubescens www.samdchti.uz 190 RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA TARJIMASHUNOSLIK VA LINGVISTIKA: ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR TADQIQI” nomli ilmiy maqolalar to‘plam