ILLUMINATION OF THE SPIRITUAL LIFE OF THE KARAKALPAK PEOPLE IN RESEARCH

Аннотация

Over the past centuries, many historical researchers have conducted ethnological research on Karakalpaks. In our article, scientists provided valuable information about the ethnological composition of Karakalpaks. Key words: Culture, spirituality, cultural studies, karakalpak people Ethnology, historiography, ethnological studies, Zarafshan oasis, clan, tribe, nation. TADQIQOTLARDA QORAQALPOQ XALQI MA’NAVIY HAYOTINING YORITISHI. Annotatsiya: O‘tgan asrlarda ko‘plab tarixiy tadqiqotchilar qoraqalpoqlar bo‘yicha etnologik tadqiqotlar olib bordilar. Maqolamizda olimlar qoraqalpoqlarning etnologik tarkibi haqida qimmatli ma’lumotlar berdilar. Tayanch so‘zlar: Madaniyat, ma’naviyat, madaniyatshunoslik, qoraqalpoq xalqi Etnologiya, tarixnavislik, etnologiya, Zarafshon vohasi, urug‘, qabila, millat. ОСВЕЩЕНИЕ ДУХОВНОЙ ЖИЗНИ КАРАКАЛПАКСКОГО НАРОДА В ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ Аннотация: На протяжении последних столетий многие исследователи- историки проводили этнологические исследования каракалпаков. В нашей статье ученые предоставили ценную информацию об этнологическом составе каракалпаков. Ключевые слова: Культура, духовность, культурология, каракалпакский народ Этнология, историография, этнологические исследования, Заравшанский оазис, род, племя, народ. The concept of ancient religious beliefs is applied to the religious traditions that existed among the people before the adoption of Islam. According to R.M. 441 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел Mustafina's definition, "domestic Islam" is not only the perception of pre-Muslim traditions by the Islamic religion, but it is religious life in its full size. The researchers who studied the Islamic religion of Central Asia have their own concept of "public Islam". In the analysis of ancient religious beliefs, terms such as animism, zoolatry (terotheism, totemism), magic and other "pre-Islamic" religious ideas and cults are used. The political method was used to study the traditional beliefs and ideas of the Karakalpaks in the 20th century. With the help of this method, the commonality and uniqueness of the traditional beliefs and imaginations of the Karakalpaks and their blood-related Uzbek, Turkmen, and Kazakh peoples were determined, and an opportunity was created to reveal their characteristics. The functional approach and the use of UL Warner's concept of symbolism made it possible to consider culture as a total symbolic system divided into three subsystems: technological (interactions with the natural environment, i.e. labor tools, ecology, etc.), moral (social destruction) and the sacred (the relationship of believers with their gods; the natural world and the supernatural world). U. L. Warner divided religious phenomena into the following categories: 1. beliefs, 2. rituals. It is for this reason that sacral images often mean the system of verbal and imaginary symbols expressed in folklore (myths, epics, fairy tales, etc.). Rituals are symbolic systems consisting of interconnected words, actions and material symbols. These two groups act as a link between the believers and their gods. Such a systematic-functional approach is one of the main methods used in research. Apart from these methods, the methodological and theoretical basis of research was created by Yu.V. Bromley, V.A. Tishkov, K.Sh. Shoniyozov and other scientists. The interpretation of existing materials in terms of the mentioned methods, the wide use of special ethnographic methods made it possible to form a reliable basis for the fulfillment of research goals and tasks. Among the early works that provide information about the traditional beliefs and ideas of the Karakalpaks, the works of authors such as D. Gladishev and I. Muravin, P. Richkov, A. V. Kaulbars, and A. Vamberi should be mentioned. 442 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел Brief but extremely valuable information about the religious life of the Karakalpaks in the 19th century is mentioned in the works of Berdaq and Ajinyoz, representatives of the classic Karakalpak literature. Information about the traditional beliefs of the Karakalpaks is rarely found in the literature of this period, because the life of the population of the region was not systematically studied at that time. But despite its fragmentary nature, this data is a valuable resource for researchers. The second period in the historiography of the traditional beliefs and imaginations of the Karakalpaks is based on the study of the ethnic mentality of the Karakalpaks through customs, beliefs, and forms of social structure. The works of the researchers of this period included materials related to all aspects of the life of the Karakalpak people. The most valuable work within this group is M.S. Andreyev's study devoted to the study