“SHUM BOLA” ASARINING TARJIMASIDA MILLIY YUMORISTIK XUSUSIYATLAR

Аннотация

The period when the original was created is usually somewhat different from the time when the translation was made. Therefore, the responsibility of completely recreating the spirit of the original requires the translator to recreate the characteristics of the period in which the original was created by the correct selection of the necessary language tools. At the same time, the language of the period when the translation was made should be understandable to the reader. Because the translator translates the work for reading by the reader of his time. In a word, it is necessary to use such language tools in the translation, so that the resulting text is well understood by the reader, and at the same time, the period described in the work comes alive before his eyes. In this article, the presentation of national humorous features in the English translation of Gafur Ghulam's work "Shum bola" is analyzed. Key words: translation, translator, national humor, transliteration, literal translation, translation problems, phrase, analogies, lacunae, realities. Har bir asar o‘z zamoni va o‘z makoniga ega. Tarjimada ana shu zamon va makonning asliyatda qoldirgan izini o‘zga kitobxonga yetkazish, tarjimonga katta mas’uliyat yuklaydi. Qissaning birinchi bo‘limida shum bola uyidan qochib, ammasining uyiga mehmonga borib, u yerda pochchasining zotdor qushlariga qarayman deb, ularga qatiq ichirishi tasvirlangan: Uchinchi kunga borganda erta bilan qushxonaga kirib qarasam, hamma qushlar qo‘ndoqdan pastda – hammasi hurpaygan, boshini ichiga olgan, ayniqsa miqqiy qo‘ndoq tagida bir qanotini ostiga solib, oyog‘ini baralla uzatib, yonboshlab yotgan edi.1 1 G’ulom G‘. Shum Bola. - Toshkent: Yoshlar nashriyot uyi. – 2018. –B.14. 421 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел – Ha, mana, bu kiroyi ish bo‘pti, – deb o‘yladim. – Yarim qorong‘i uyda hadeb qo‘nib o‘tira berish ham kishini zeriktiradi. Shunaqa o‘tirish-turishni ham qilib turgan yaxshi, yonbosh qil, yot, kerish. Xuddi shu parchani ingliz tilidagi tarjimasini ko‘rib chiqamiz: When I entered here on the third day, all birds were lying without movement. - Yes, it is a good job, - I thought. – One gets bored of sitting in such a dark room. It is better for them to lie at such a late time. In the morning, the birds had sour-milk again. In the evening, I was going to change their food. When I entered there, all the birds had already died.2 Shu yo‘sinda qushlarni ikki, uch kun qatiq bilan “siylagandan” so‘ng, qushlar birin-ketin nobud bo‘ladi va shum bola bu yerdan ham qochish rejasini tuzadi: … Asta borib, qafasni ilgagidan chiqardim. Boshimga qo‘yib, katta safar uchun yo‘lga tushdim, ammam mushuklarga shovla pishirish bilan ovora bo‘lgani uchun mening chiqib ketganimni payqamay qoldi. Belimda pul, boshimda savag‘ichdan to‘qilgan katta qafasda kukulab turgan bir juft qumri. Etakni turmaklab, sag‘rimga bir mushtlab, “hayyo, hu” deb, shahardan tashqariga qarab yo‘lga ravona bo‘ldim. Tarjima: I had the money which my brother-in-law had given to me and I had a cage with the birds inside. So I went to the city. Yuqoridagi misollarda shum bolaning qushlarga qarayman deb, ularga qatiq ichirib, bilmasdan nobud qilib qo‘yishi yengil hajviy ruhda tasvirlangan. Tarjimada esa, ushbu parchaning ayrim qismlari, iboralari tushirib qoldirilgan bo‘lsa ham, undagi hajv hissi yo‘qolmagan va ma’no o‘zgarmasdan saqlangan. Asarda tasvirlangan davrdagi milliy o‘ziga xoslikni aks ettirishda u yoki bu xalq vakiliga xos psixologik xarakatlar, odat, qiyofa, muomala normalari, xulq-atvor va marosimlarini bera bilish ham katta ahamiyatga ega. Chunki har bir millat kishisining bunday xusussiyatlarini tasvirlash badiiy asarga milliy tus beradi. Barchamizga ma’lumki, o‘zbek xalqi va ingliz xalqi tillari tuzilish jihatidan bir- biridan farq qiladi. Biroq, xalqlar bir-birlarini yaxshi bilishlari, bir-birlarini tushunishlari kerak. Bir millatning yaratgan boyligidan boshqa millatning bahramand bo’lishi xalqlarning tinchliksevarlik maqsadlariga juda mos tushadi. 2 Gulom G. Naughty Boy. Translators: Tukhtasinov I, Yuldashev U. - Tashkent: Yangi asr avlodi. - 2017. –B.13. 422 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел Tarjima ham xussi ana shu maqsadga xizmat qilishi kerak. Tarjima til to‘siqlarini bartaraf etadi, uzoqni yaqinlashtiradi, xalqlarni bir-biriga oshno, birodar qiladi. O‘zbek va xorij xalqlari adabiy aloqalarining kengayishi bundan keyin bu ikki adabiyot bisotidan mukammal badiiy tarjimalar yaratilishini taqozo etadi. Asar qahramonining pochchasini uyidan qochganidan so‘ng, turli bozorlardagi sarguzashtlari tasvirida sotuvchilarning ta’rifi hajviy yo‘sinda ifodalangan: Bu mollarni yoyib o‘tirgan chayqovchilarning aft-basharasini aytmaysizmi. Betlariga bu haf