Агроэкологические и биотехнологические особенности культивирования растения Indigofera tinctoria L. на деградированных землях (на примере Хорезмской области)»

Аннотация

Subject of the research: plant Indigo, degraded meadow alluvial soil of the Khorezm region, manure and nitrogen fertilizer. Purpose of the research: to study efficacy of soil tillage practices, organic and nitrogen fertilizer application on growth and development, biomass accumulation and yield of Indigo plant cultivated either as a main crop or a summer crop after winter wheat in conditions of degraded meadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm region. Research methods: field experiments were carried out according to the methodology by B.A. Dospexov (1985) and the Uzbek Cotton Research Institute (2007), biometric measurements were conducted and soil agrophysical and agrochemical properties were determined in accordance with the manuals “State variety testing of agricultural crops”, «Methods of agrophysica, agrochemical and microbiological analyses of soil and plants» (1963). Data were subjected to analysis of variance in SAS 9.2 (SAS Institute 2008). Achieved results and their novelty: Agrotechnological elements of the tropical plant Indigoferra cultivation in conditions of the degraded meadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm region and extracting the natural pigment from the crop green biomass were studied for the first time. The influence of Indigoferra planted on flat field or ridge sowing with and without manure use and application of different nitrogen rates on plant growth and development, biomass accumulation and yield as well as selected properties of soil fertility were studied. Based on the experiments results achieved the practical recommendations for farmers and others related were developed. Practical value: In the conditions of the Khorezm region for achieving high yield of above ground biomass it is recommended to plant Indigoferra as a main crop using ridge sowing with application of 10 t ha'1 manure or as a summer crop after winter wheat using N120P100K30 kg ha'1. Degree of implementation and economic efficiency: The research results were implemented on 0.7 ha area at the experimental station of Urgench State University when grown as a main crop, and on 0.9 ha area in the “Yangi Er” farmer unit, Bagar district, Khorezm Province. Net benefit would lead respectively to 4.0-4.5 mln sum ha'1 when cropped as a main crop and 2.0-2.5 mln. sum ha'1 when grown as a summer crop after winter wheat. Field of application: Agriculture, textile and pharmacy industries, handicraft.