Основные гельминтозы кур и борьба с ними

Аннотация

This article provides a review and analysis of the literature on the prevalence of major helminthiasis in chickens (prostagonimosis, ascariasis, heteracidosis, etc.), the extent and intensity of invasion among chickens. Keywords: prostagonimosis, ascaridosis, heteracidosis, synamosis, retinosis, invasiveness, invasive intensity, helminthiascopy, helmintholarvoscopy, sedimentation, flotation. Introduction. It is known that various diseases of chickens and other species of poultry, including helminthiasis, are a serious obstacle to the development of poultry farming and the full satisfaction of the population's demand for products such as meat, eggs, and they cause significant economic damage. In particular, changes in the shape and industry of poultry farms in recent years, changes in their natural resistance to regional diseases, storage conditions (on land and in nets) and other factors have led to diseases, including helminthiasis, their prevalence and epizootiology. These changes require the improvement of treatment and prevention methods, the development of new, system of measures in line with current conditions and the development of cost-effective methods of prevention. The main stages of research in this area are, first of all, the identification of the main helminthiasis of chickens, analysis of the dynamics of damage depending on storage conditions, development of special and general methods of prevention of helminthiasis and development of modern measures to combat helminthiasis in chickens. research such as output. Today, helminthiasis is widespread in many countries around the world, in particular, the existing agricultural animals in the country, parasitizing poultry, causing significant economic damage to these areas of the livestock industry. The only helminths present in chickens are the laying of eggs, the retardation of young birds in growth and development, the reduction of meat productivity, as well as the decrease of the animal's resistance to infectious diseases, the formation of a "gateway to infection" due to mechanical injuries caused by helminths. in poultry farms, it leads to an increase in economic costs in households. Therefore, the development of cost-effective methods of new modern measures to prevent and combat helminthiasis is a pressing issue not only in our country, but also around the world. Literature review. The species composition and prevalence of helminthiasis in livestock and poultry in different geographical and climatic regions of the world have been determined. Helminthiasis is a disease that significantly reduces the productivity of animals and poultry. Helminthiasis feeds on food, blood, and tissues found in various internal organs and tissues of birds, mainly in the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, poultry farms suffer significant economic losses. [2, 6] 382 Spanish Journal of Innovation and Integrity Volume: 05, 2022 http://sjii.indexedresearch.org Violation of storage and feeding conditions of birds (humidity, cold, humid air, unsanitary, poor nutrition, especially lack of vitamins in the feed, etc.) has been shown to reduce the body's resistance and allow the disease to occur and spread. [4] The most common helminthiasis of chickens is now recognized as ascariasis and heterocytosis. The epizootiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of these diseases have been studied by veterinarians around the world, and prevention measures have been developed. One of the most important and new problems of helminthology today is the study of associative diseases, as several species of helminths parasitize the body of birds at the same time. [3] Prostogonimosis is a disease caused by parasitism of the ovaries of chickens and other birds and trematodes of the Prosthogonimus genus in the factory sac, in which the hen lays liquid eggs without forming a shell. Prostogonimosis is a biohelminth whose intermediate hosts are aquatic mollusks and additional hosts are dragonflies. Poultry are infected with pathogens by consuming infected dragonflies. The disease is most common in adult birds. In addition to the general clinical signs, prostagonimosis is characterized by thin or shelled eggs (white fluid flows from the clavicle). If not treated in time, the birds will die within 2 months. Diagnosis can be made by sequential washing of feces samples and detection of parasitic eggs by Sherbovich's methods, as well as complete helminthological dissection of the dead bird. Alben Forte, one of the most effective trematosides in treatment, has a good effect. [2, 5] Ascaridosis is a helminthic disease caused by the parasitism of Ascaridiagalli nematodes in the small intestine of chickens, turkeys, geese, turkeys and other birds. Ascarids are biohelminths that develop in a simple way, and their hosts are earthworms. Ascariasis mainly affects young birds - chickens and birds aged 8-10 months. The disease is rare in adult birds, but they are invasive and spread parasitic eggs. Eg