STATUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH AS THE MULTINATIONAL LANGUAGE

Аннотация

This academic article discusses the causes and stages of development of the American English language. The purpose of the scientific work is to review and analyze the reasons why American English has the status of a multinational language. Key words: independent language, multinational status, multi-ethnic states, inter-state and inter-ethnic relations, immigrants, global language, nationality, communication. СТАТУС АМЕРИКАНСКОГО АНГЛИЙСКОГО КАК МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ЯЗЫК. Аннотация. В этой академической статье рассматриваются причины и этапы развития американского английского языка. Цель научной работы – рассмотреть и проанализировать причины, по которым американский английский имеет статус многонационального языка. Ключевые слова: независимый язык, многонациональный статус, полиэтнические государства, межгосударственные и межэтнические отношения, иммигранты, глобальный язык, национальность, общение. Today, English is the most common language, but not the only one, spoken in the United States. Let's assume that American English is an independent language. Then it must have its own historically established system of sound, vocabulary and grammatical means, which objectifies the work of thinking and is a tool for communication, exchange of thoughts and mutual understanding of people in society (in accordance with the definition). Therefore, it is necessary to find out its origin more precisely, how it appeared in America, as well as how the system of sound, vocabulary and grammatical means historically developed. Having turned to historical and geographical reference books for information, I found out the following information. At the beginning of the seventeenth century, colonists from England began to bring their language to America. In 1607, John Smith founded the first colony in Virginia. And already at the beginning of the 17th century, Europeans began to move to North America.1 At the beginning there were only a small number of settlers, but after three centuries there were millions of them. People left in the hope of a new, rich, free life full of interesting events and adventures. He created a completely new society with its own laws, life principles, its own economic structure, and its own statehood. People left for America for various reasons: some hoped to get rich quickly, some were hiding from persecution by the punishing hand of the law, some wanted to gain political freedom, and some wanted to get rid of religious persecution and gain freedom of religion. There were many reasons. People came to America from different European countries. But most of the colonists came from England. Therefore, it was English that became the main language of communication in the then still emerging huge country. At the initial 1 https://infourok.ru/statya-istoriya-vozniknoveniya-amerikanskogo-angliyskogo-yazika-3878027.html 9 93 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ stage, American English was not much different from British. English colonists came from different regions of Great Britain, and the language of groups of people from different regions differed both in the pronunciation of individual words and in the use of lexical phrases. There was no uniformity or norms in the written language. Years passed, centuries passed, and emigrants who arrived later made their own changes to the vocabulary, phonetics and grammar of the language - throughout the 18th-20th centuries, their native language changed. Other linguistic groups of people who came to live and work in America from European countries also made their contribution to the formation of the language. These were Spaniards and Italians, Scandinavians and Germans, French and Russians. During the development of American English, the basic principle was laid down - simplification of the language. Ordinary, simple people, leaving their entire past behind, went to America in the hope of finding happiness. And they needed a simple and accessible way of communication that would unite all nationalities. Today, the English spoken by Americans is not as diverse as it was during the founding of the United States of America. American English is clearly regulated and is the main language of communication and has the status of the state language. In the era of globalization, due to the self-determination of the peoples of the world, the formation of multi-ethnic states, inter-state and inter-ethnic relations, and the processes of active population migration, the legal solution of language issues has become one of the main tasks of the state. These issues relate to the topic of legislative support for the use of languages in formal and informal communication, in language teaching at school and university, and in people-to- people relations.2 In the US, there is a constant struggle between the two sides of political correctness: official Americanism and official multiculturalism. There are