Патоморфологические изменения у цыплят, зараженных сальмонеллой пуллором галлинариум

Аннотация

The article provides information on the age-related dynamics of broiler chicken infection with S. pullorom gallinarium. Also, information about pathomorphological changes in the organism of chicks is given. Key words: pullorosis, infection, leukocyte, basophil, eosinophil, atrophy, dystrophy, thrombosis, infiltration, colony-forming unit, damaging dose, lethal dose, nutrient medium. Relevance of the topic: Poultry disease is one of the diseases that are causing enough damage to the poultry industry, which occurs especially in the early life of chicks. In many cases, when the pullorosis of chickens damages poultry farms, it is possible to interpret the results of scientific research more from pasteurellosis, colibacteriosis and streptococcosis from secondary diseases. In the early stages of life, chickens are susceptible to diseases like other young organisms, including the mixed form of infections, especially the age-related forms of pullorosis, which are severe in some stages, have been studied in more foreign literature sources. The increase in the epidemiological importance of poultry and poultry products, the inextricability of this process, the changes in the sanitary-epidemiological service in our republic, the epidemiological control system over existing salmonellosis and other secondary diseases require its reconstruction. The analysis of the literature data shows that until now, in poultry farms of our Republic, the weight of chickens from chickens among all infectious diseases is 26-40 percent. Pathomorphological diagnosis of chickens infected with avian pullorosis is one of the urgent problems facing specialists. In addition, the dynamics of infection of broilers with S. pullorum gallinarium according to age has not been studied in detail. XALQARO ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYA 398 IJTIMOIY - GUMANITAR FANLARNING DOLZARB SAMARQAND – 2024 MUAMMOLARI Object and methods of research: in the study of hematological processes in pullorosis of chicks in the laboratory of hematology and biochemistry of the Central Hospital of Samarkand region (before and after the experiment results), pathomorphological in the body of birds infected with the causative agent of the disease (S. pullorom gallinarium) changes detection studies were carried out in the laboratories of microbiology, pathomorphology and research of diseases of young animals of Veterinary ITI. The Panchenkov method was used to analyze erythrocytes from the blood samples of chicks infected with different concentrations of S. pullorum gallinarium for one week (until death in some groups) and the Sali hemometer was used to determine hemoglobin. In order to study the histogram of pullorosis in laboratory conditions, samples were taken from the organs of infected and forcibly slaughtered chickens for pathomorphological research. For this purpose, to examine the samples in a small histological manner, initially using the biopsy method, pieces are taken from the following organs from sick chickens; samples were taken from trachea, lymph node, liver, lungs, heart, spleen and kidneys, and pathological changes were examined by histological method. Pathological samples were taken from the internal organs of all examined birds for bacteriological examination, and inoculations were planted on different nutrient media (Levin, Ploskiriev agar, salmonella shigella and 5% blood agar). Sections were taken from the blocks with the help of a microtome, a micropreparation was prepared on a glass slide, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and subjected to microscopy. Microscopy revealed pathogistological changes in internal organs of birds. A 10x0.25 lens of a Carl Zeiss microscope was used for this [8]. For histological examination of pathological samples (slices) taken from internal organs and tissues, a histopreparation was prepared by the paraffin method as follows (50-100 milliliters were transferred in dark glass bottles) I. Fixation 1. The obtained pathological samples (pieces) were stored in 10-12 percent formalin solution for 24 hours. XALQARO ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYA 399 IJTIMOIY - GUMANITAR FANLARNING DOLZARB SAMARQAND – 2024 MUAMMOLARI 2. It was stored for 24 hours in a solution of equal ratio (1:1) of ethyl alcohol and formalin at 960C; 3. These fragments were kept in absolute alcohol at 96-1000C for 12-24 hours. II. Dehydration 1. The obtained pathological samples (pieces) were kept in 960C alcohol solution for 24 hours for dehydration; 2. The next day, it was kept in an alcohol solution at 960C for another 24 hours; III. Putting paraffin 1. For 6-12 hours, it was placed in a solution of equal proportions of alcohol and chloroform at 960C; 2. Kept in pure chloroform solution for 6-12 hours. At the end of storage, it was observed that the color of the pieces became clear; 3. In order for the paraffin to absorb better at once, the pieces were placed in a solution of equal volume of melted paraffin and chloroform and left for 2-3 hours in a thermostat with a tem