THE FORMATION OF TERMS IN ENGLISH AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMIC TERMINOLOGICAL SYSTEM Rahmonberdiyev Sherdor Tangirberdi o‘g‘li

Аннотация

By the authors of the paper analyzing several properties of the economic terminology of the Uzbek language. In particular, data are given on the research of terms in various fields in Uzbek and world linguistics, interpretations of special terms in the works of linguists, and also considers the systemic characteristics, sources and ways of developing the economic terminology of the Uzbek language Keywords: Substantiated the role of borrowing in the development of the language in general and in the enrichment of economic terminology in particular. Considered the views of linguists from different countries on this issue. The opinions of the authors are substantiated by examples, which analyzed during the study. ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРМИНОВ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ Аннотация. Авторами статьи анализируются некоторые свойства экономической терминологии узбекского языка. В частности, приводятся данные об исследовании терминов различных направлений в узбекской и мировой лингвистике, толкования специальных терминов в трудах лингвистов, а также рассматриваются системные характеристики, источники и пути развития экономической терминологии узбекского языка Ключевые слова: Обоснована роль заимствований в развитии языка в целом и в обогащении экономической терминологии в частности. Рассмотрены мнения лингвистов разных стран по данному вопросу. Мнения авторов подкреплены примерами, которые были проанализированы в ходе исследования. The formation of terms in English and the development of the economic terminological system involve a dynamic process that reflects the evolution of economic concepts, advancements in the field, and linguistic trends. Here is an overview: formation of terms in English. 1 12 9 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 2 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ A term is a word or expression denoting a concept in a particular activity, job, or profession. Terms are frequently associated with professionalisms. Terms can be single words: psychology, function, equity; or they may consist of several words: computer aided design system. Terms are considered to have one meaning in one field. Contrary to this belief, terms may have more than one meaning. Different fields of knowledge ascribe different meanings to one and the same term. For example, a sheet in the publishing field corresponds to the term sheet (author’s sheet); in biology, it is a leaf; in technique, it is a plate; in geology, it is lamina. Also, terms of one field are borrowed by other fields, like variant and invariant were borrowed into linguistics from mathematics. Such term homonymy challenges translation. A translator must know the exact meaning of term in this or that field, as well as its combinability. To do accurate translation, it is necessary not only to know the meaning of the terms but also to link them with other words in speech. For example, the word combination can not be rendered by its calque to ring through the line. Its equivalent is to test the line. Term translation may also depend on the regional character of the language. Windscreen (British English), windshield (American English); The origin of term shows several main channels, 3 of them are characteristic for terminology.1. Formation of term phrases with subsequent clipping, blending, abbreviation: television text – teletext; ecological architecture – ecotechture; extremely low frequency – ELF.2. Use of combined forms from Latin and Greek: aerodrome, aerodynamic, telegraph, thermonuclear, supersonic. This process is common for terminology in many languages. 3. Borrowing from another terminological system within the same language whenever there is affinity between respective fields. Terms can be formed by affixation: prefixes: co-, counter-, cross-, dis-, ex-, extra-, mis-, multi-, non-, over-, para-, poly-, post-, pro-, quasi-, sub-, under-; suffixes:-er/or, -free, -ism, -less, -like, -oid, -ologist, -worthy; combining of different parts of speech: N1+N2, N+Part.I; N+Part.II; Adj.+Part.I; Adj.+Part.II; Num.+ Part.II;. Word formation processes: Affixation: adding prefixes or suffixes to existing words (e.g., "recession," "deindustrialization"). Compounding: combining two or more words (e.g., "venture capital," "market research"). Acronyms and abbreviations: creating terms from the initial letters of other words (e.g., "GDP" for Gross Domestic Product). 1 13 0 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 2 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ Blending: combining parts of two words to create a new one (e.g., "infomercial," "bitcom" for bitcoin commerce). Borrowing: adopting terms from other languages (e.g., "entrepreneur" from French, "kapital" from German). Semantic Shift: changes in the meaning of existing words to adapt to new economic contexts (e.g., "capital" transitioning from a physical entity to financial assets). Developmen