Основные приоритеты государственной инвестиционной и инновационной политики Республики Узбекистан

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: Инвестиционная и инновационная политика, которой Технологии придерживается государство, имеет огромное влияние на Глобализация развитие капиталовложений в стране, как частных, так и Научно-технический государственных. Именно она формирует так называемый прогресс Цифровая экономика инновационно-инвестиционный климат страны. Поэтому в статье рассмотрены некоторые пути развития инновационно-инвестиционный политики в настоящее время в Республике Узбекистан. 1 PhD, Associate Professor, Dean of Economy and Business Faculty, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics in Tashkent E-mail: kabulov51@mail.ru 2 Senior Lecturer, Dean of Digital Economy and Finance Faculty, Plekhanov Russian university of Economics in Tashkent, Tashkent, Uzbekistan E-mail: feruzik2003@yandex.ru Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Issue -1, №02 (2020) / ISSN 2181-1415 Uzbekistan needs to build not an import-substituting, but an innovative and investment economy in order to break into world markets. The development of innovation-oriented industries seems to be not only economic task, but also a political one. In the era of globalization of the world economy the course towards innovation for countries with large population such as Uzbekistan has no alternative. An innovation-investment economy is also necessary in itself because it creates a new cultural environment. At the same time, it is obvious that an innovative economy requires a certain environment for development. A business climate in Uzbekistan is not yet fully conducive to emergence of company that engages in commercialization of scientific developments. full-fledged science, education, serious institutional changes are needed, which will allow mobilizing human resources to function such project. It should be also noted that in Uzbekistan there is a certain gap between the potential of fundamental scientific developments and their implementation in innovative technologies of production and everyday life, in technology and consumer goods. This gap is generated by weakness of subsequent stages of development of scientific and technological progress, lack of proper motivation of Uzbek entrepreneurs to master technological innovations in the conditions of low wages, monopoly and insufficient development of competition. Under these conditions, restructuring cannot get the proper development in industries with high share of added value. A share of intellectual products in GDP of the country remains very low. In these conditions, the issue under research is becoming especially relevant in the light of established strategic goal of transferring Uzbekistan to innovation and investment path of development [1]. There is an urgent need for new market mechanisms for regulating the innovation climate, mechanisms under which it is profitable to invest in high technologies. The state should initiate innovative activities. The most important direction of strategic development should be creation of innovative infrastructure that will become an intermediary between science and business and will include a whole range of links that provide conditions for innovative development. These are techno parks, technology centers, specialized financial structures, investment (venture) funds and consulting groups. The innovation and investment path of development of economy of Uzbekistan in the conditions of development of digital economy should allow using fully competitive advantages and compensating competitive disadvantages, in particular, transport and resource constraints, minimizing their negative effect as much as possible [4]. In this regard, innovative industries products differ from conventional products and are ideal for export due to their specificity. This type of product, first of all, is characterized by science intensity, energy and resource saving, simplicity and low cost of transportation, which is extremely important for Uzbekistan in the conditions of existing transport, energy and raw material constraints. For the development of innovation and investment economy of Uzbekistan, its competitive advantages have a great importance, which include the widespread use of higher education, rather liberal legislation on capital flow. However, the most important competitive advantage of Uzbekistan is relatively low cost of skilled labor according to Western standards, which affects final price of the product. 30 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Issue -1, №02 (2020) / ISSN 2181-1415 It should be noted that today the most dynamically developing segment of innovation and investment sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan is information technologies [5]. In the condition of implementation of tasks outlined in Action Strategy for Economic Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the issues of introducing advanced information and communication technologies as well as innovative technologies acquire special significance