A comparative study of paremiological units verbalizing intellectual values in karakalpak and english

Аннотация

This article will analyze of the structural and semantic aspects of English and karakalpak paremiological units. Key words: paremiological units, concept, proverbs, intellectual activity, structural analysis. 299 The interdisciplinary term "concept" is widely utilized across various fields within linguistics, including Cognitive Linguistics, Cultural Linguistics, Linguoconceptology, and Gender Linguistics, among others. A concept is a fundamental component of conceptual, linguistic, and national worldviews, pertinent to both individual linguistic identities and the broader cultural linguistics community. V.A. Maslova posits that the formation of a concept is influenced by an individual's emotional, physical, historical, personal, and social experiences, which are garnered through the process of perceiving the world (Maslova, 2004). The examination of the "intellectual activity" concept, grounded in the paremiological foundations of two languages, has unveiled its multifaceted meanings. These include the notion of intellectual activity as a manifestation of personal strength, a form of beauty, and a tool for combating evil, deceit, and for the revelation of truth and the cultivation of culture. The examination of the paremiological fund in the Karakalpak language transpired in a distinctly localized context, spanning from the late 19th to the first half of the 20th century. In recent times, there has been a noteworthy shift toward extensive investigations of paremiological units as subjects for comparative studies. Parallel endeavors have been undertaken in various linguistic contexts, exemplified by A. Gulmagomedov's work "О наших пословицах и поговорках," which delves into the structure of paremiological units in the Lezgin language. Within this study, three principles are identified: repetition of the same units, sequence of words, and the inclusion of the aforementioned two methods. Applying this analytical framework, the concept of "intellectual activity" was scrutinized, encompassing 1609 units in the English language and 1800 units in the Karakalpak language. This comparative analysis yields insightful results when examining examples from both the English and Karakalpak languages (see Table 1): Structural analysis of paremiological units Repetition of Sequence of Including both Another similar units words methods method English paremiological units 24 87 120 34 Karakalpak paremiological 84 92 102 - units On the example of the proverb database, we take into account the differences of the units of the conceptual front periphery and carry out an etymological analysis “алтын, арыў, ай, шүкир, ел қорғаў, сарқылмайтуғын көл, паныс, қолы бай, әжаға”; “money, power, a skill, the worst patient, every animal, a foe, five minutes, a rolling stone, royal road, one-eyed, afternoon”. Алтын/gold has always had a certain degree of importance for the people of the modern world. In legends and myths, gold is the most widespread metal and is praised as a constant companion of the gods. In many cases, ancient people equated gold with wealth, power and strength. Mythology mentions many symbolic objects made of gold. Among the ancient people, the golden goddess is compared to Sun and depicted in a style with similar characters. For the ancient Egyptians, the symbol of the Sun is a golden ring, which is born by Nut, the god of dreams in the sky, and grows up in the afternoon and turns into a bull, the god of Ra. In the evening, the goddess Nut swallows the deer and brings it to the world. This information about gold serves for a deep understanding of the concept of "intelligence".: Ақыллының белгиси, Алтыннан келер сөзлери. Ақылсыздың белгисин, Айтып турар көзлери; Бересиге бесеў көп, Аласыға алтаў 300 аз. Ақылсыз ақмақ ладанға, Алтын сөздиң парқы аз; Арыў қартайса, ақыл табады, Даў қартайса, нақыл табады; Өгизди өрге салма, Қанатың сынар, Ақмаққа ақыл айтпа, Сағың сынар; Кешеги-бүгинниң өлшеўи болмайды; Ең гөззалық ақыл менен мийнетте, Солар ғана жеткереди зийнетке; Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold; Butter is gold in the morning, silver at noon, lead at night; If it were not for the belly, the back might wear gold; Old is gold; Silence is golden; Speech is silver, but silence is golden; The golden age never was the present age; Beauty and honesty seldom agree; Beauty draws more than oxen; Beauty is in the eye of the beholder; Beauty is only skin deep, but ugly goes straight to the bone; Beauty is only skin deep; Beauty may have fair leaves, yet bitter fruit; Beauty may open doors but only virtue enters; Beauty provoke the thieves sooner than gold; For a morning rain leave not your journey; In the morning be first up, and in the evening last to go to bed, for they that sleep catch no fish; Red sky at night, shepherd's delight; Red sky in the morning, shepherd's warning; An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Paremiological discourse analysis, with the help of mythological facts in the etymology of the