Ways of classifying idiomatic compound nouns

Аннотация

Linguistics' investigation of idiomatic compound nouns is a fascinating field that sheds light on the complex interplay among language, culture, and cognition. The structure and meaning of idiomatic compound nouns in the English and Karakalpak languages are examined in this scholarly article. We seek to provide light on the distinctive qualities and underlying mechanisms that control the genesis and interpretation of idiomatic compounds in these two languages through a comparative study. We find fascinating similarities and differences between English and Karakalpak that highlight their linguistic diversity and cultural subtleties by looking at the structural patterns and semantic relationships within idiomatic compounds. Key words: idiomatic compound nouns, structural classification, semantic and grammatical classification, combination of words. Generally, compound nouns are very common in the English language and often come up in both spoken and written English. We use them to refer to a single concept made up of two or more words. Idiomatic compound nouns are a part of compound nouns that have a figurative or idiomatic meaning, which often goes beyond the literal interpretations of individual components. These compounds are characterized by a unique combination of words that, when used together, convey a specific figurative sense or cultural connotation. The meaning of idiomatic compound nouns is not always immediately deducible from the meanings of the component words, making them interesting and sometimes challenging linguistic phenomena. Wisniewski stated that compounding is the process of putting words together to build a new one that does not denote two things, but one and that is pronounced as one unit [7: 2007]. It consists of combining words having their own lexical meaning to produce a new unit that functions as a single word that can be used in a certain situation. Cabtree and Power mentioned that “compounding is a process which forms new words not from bound affixed but from two independent words” [4: 1985]. The words, which are the parts of the compound, can be free morphemes, words derived by affixation, or even words formed by compounding themselves. According to E. Bolanle compounding is the most frequently used way of making new lexemes. It consists of the combination of two words, in which one word modifies the meaning of the other, the head. Its defining property is that it consists of combination of lexemes into larger words [2: 2017]. We have explored different sources and had learnt that idiomatic compound nouns as the subpart of compound nouns had their own structure, definition and sphere of use. 53 Idiomatic compound nouns in English often have unique structural and semantic features that can be difficult to understand. They are made up of two or more words that are closely related in meaning or function. They are often used in everyday conversations, and can affect how the words are used in different contexts. In the following examples of idiomatic compound nouns "ice cream man," "rule breaker" and "heartbreak" the both parts are nouns. Given examples show that we firstly define the structure of the idiomatic compound nouns. Classifying idiomatic compound nouns can be complex due to the diverse ways in which these compounds are formed and the range of meanings they can convey. However, we can attempt a classification based on certain criteria. Keep in mind that this classification is not exhaustive, and idiomatic compounds can often overlap between categories. Basic classification of idiomatic compound nouns were classified according to the structural, semantic and grammatical. According to the word building and word formation of Karakalpak language, we have researched and analyzed the structural and semantic fields of the language. Structural Classification: a) Closed Compounds. Words are joined together without spaces or hyphens which in the following examples: breakfast - break + fast, bedroom – bed + room, sunflower – sun + flower, notebook – note + book, sunset – sun + set, butterfly – butter + fly, keyboard – key + board, these words include two nouns. We examined the structural aspects of idiomatic compound nouns in English and Karakalpak languages and the closed compounds in Karakalpak language jàrǵànàt (bat), qolǵàp (glove), gúdibuzàr, Xojeli (xoja + eli name of a town), búgin (today), isbilermen (businessman). By analyzing the morphological and syntactic properties of idiomatic compounds, we identified the language-specific structural patterns in both English and Karakalpak languages have similarities and differences. [7: 54] b) Hyphenated compounds are words in which two or more words are joined together by a hyphen. Here are some examples of hyphenated compounds: well-being - well + being, high-tech, co-worker, self-esteem, mother-in-law, free-for-all, state-of-the-art, do-it-yourself, check-in. In hyphenated compounds, the hyphen is used to connect the words and indi