The usage of instrumental syntaxames with the prepositions

Аннотация

The analysis of the examples collected from the literary works of English and American writers testifies that the instrumental syntax is expressed explicitly using the models with+S, by+S, through+S, in+S, on+S, for+S. Among these models, the most productive in expressing instrumental syntax is with+S. In the sentences the combination with+S can appear in different syntactic positions. Key words: explicit, instrumental, subordinate, method, categorical, concept, predicate In the explicit expression of instrumental syntaxes in the English language system, the relation of subject, object, tool and predicate is important mainly in the sentence device. It can be expressed by verbs or other phrases. The analysis of the examples collected from the literary works of English and American writers testifies that the instrumental syntax is expressed explicitly using the models with+S, by+S, through+S, in+S, on+S, for+S. 50 Among these models, the most productive in expressing instrumental syntax is with+S. In the sentence device, the combination with+S can appear in different syntactic positions: 1. with+S after the subject: He struck at the horse… with his stick (OWPD, 220); 2. with+S after the personal form of the verb: He was walking with the limp. (EHFA, 54); 3. with+S after the pronoun: She swept him with her eyes (THJO, 64); 4. with+S after the past participle form of the verb: Hands were over laden with rings. (OWPD, 175); 5. with+S after the present participle: She said, touching with her finger. (THJO, 122); 6. with+S after the adjectives: I wiped it clean with the sleeve of my coat (EHFA, 206); 7. with+ after the infinitive form of the verb: He was too far away to hit with a pistol (EHFA, 185); 8. with+S after the adverbs: You go out tomorrow with a little car. (EHFA, 155); In the given examples, all syntactic units representing instrumental syntaxes, such as with a stick, with a limp, with a pistol, with a ... car, take the place of a non-nuclear subordinate component and participate in the structure of the sentence on the basis of a subordinate relationship. In order to prove it, it is possible to use the drop down method of the experiment