ПОНЯТИЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФИНАНСОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ

Аннотация

This article describes the content of regulatory documents adopted in our country to improve the level of financial literacy of the population and their priorities. Scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists devoted to financial literacy were also analyzed. The concept of "financial literacy" based on the acquisition of financial and economic knowledge, skills and abilities to make financial decisions is defined and their components are described. Keywords: financial literacy, human economic behavior, increasing popularity of financial services, financial abuse, financial innovation, financial sector, mass media, financial thinking. ПОНЯТИЕ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФИНАНСОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ Аннотация. В данной статье описано содержание нормативных документов, принятых в нашей стране для повышения уровня финансовой грамотности населения и их приоритеты. Также были проанализированы научные работы зарубежных и отечественных ученых, посвященные финансовой грамотности. Определено понятие «финансовая грамотность», основанное на приобретении финансово-экономических знаний, навыков и умений принимать финансовые решения и описаны их составляющие. Ключевые слова: финансовая грамотность, экономическое поведение человека, растущая популярность финансовых услуг, финансовые злоупотребления, финансовые инновации, финансовый сектор, средства массовой информации, финансовое мышление. The priority of scientific research to improve the theoretical aspects of improving the level of financial literacy of the population in developed countries and increase the effectiveness of national government programs, the development of targeted government programs to improve the level of financial literacy of the population in developing countries with market economy, improving the mechanism of their implementation, financial literacy programs. Scientific research devoted to strengthening the position of financial organizations, including commercial banks, in enriching them with the components of market economy, improving the level of financial literacy of the population is becoming more active. During the years of independence in Uzbekistan, the financial system was formed based on the requirements of market economy and is constantly improving. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of January 9, 2018 «On measures for radical improvement of the activity of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan» Resolution № PF 5296 of April 13, 2021 «On measures for further development of the capital market» Resolution № PF 6207 of January 28, 2022 «On the Strategy for the Development of New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026» Resolution №PF60 of July 23, 2019 «On measures to increase the 9 00 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ popularity of microfinance services» Resolution № PQ 4400 [1], «National Strategy to increase the popularity of financial services for 2021-2023», approved by the Coordinating Council for the development and further implementation of the National Strategy to increase the popularity of financial services and practical work on the implementation of these tasks defined in other regulatory legal documents to varying degrees specified in the article. Increasing the level of financial literacy of the population is a necessary part of rapid development of any country participating in international economic relations, including modern Uzbekistan. In such a situation, one of the main goals set by the government is to "equip" citizens with information and educational tools for effective management of personal funds and, as a consequence, equal participation in the socio-economic life of the country. The solution of this problem requires a comprehensive approach and involvement of specialists of various structures and organizations of regional organizations in this process. The need to improve financial literacy of the population was clearly manifested in the causes of the global financial and economic crisis that occurred in 2008 and its negative consequences. In particular, in most developed countries, the growth of external debt, excessive risk taking and deficiencies in risk management had a negative impact on the objective formation of the price of financial assets and real assets in the financial sector[3]. They manifested themselves in the following: ● in a number of developed countries, the development of financial innovation at a steady pace, the increase in the volume of financial products, and the increase in consumer debt through domestic and external sources of financing on favorable terms; ● the underdevelopment of the financial sector in developing countries has led to the channeling of excess savings to finance the deficits of developed economies; ● asymmetry in the international monetary system: after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, most developing countries use a controlled floating exchange rate regime