ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ЭФЕМЕРНОЙ ЛИХОРАДКИ

Аннотация

This article discusses the clinical signs of the disease, pathological changes, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures, control and problems of ephedrine fever in cattle. Key words: cattle, ephemera, fever, virus, blood-sucking fly, disinsection, disinfection. ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ЭФЕМЕРНОЙ ЛИХОРАДКИ Аннотация. В статье рассмотрены клинические признаки заболевания, патологические изменения, диагностика, лечение и профилактические меры, борьба и проблемы эфедриновой лихорадки крупного рогатого скота. Ключевые слова: крупный рогатый скот, эфемеры, лихорадка, вирус, кровососущая муха, дезинсекция, дезинфекция. Enter. Ephemeral fever disease is an acute transmissible viral disease, mainly in cattle short-term (gr. ephemeral-short) fever, inflammation of the nose, mouth, red pharynx, mucous membranes of the eyes, body and It is characterized by tension (stiffness) of the leg muscles, difficult movement and lameness. The disease was first recorded among cattle in 1867, then in 1907, 1908, 1915, in 1887- 1891, 1906-1908, 1919 in the countries of the Asian continent, and in 1936-1937 in Australia. Therefore, this disease has been well studied especially in Africa, Australia and Japan, and it has been established that there are antigenically close descendants of the virus that causes it. Ephemeral fever has also been reported among cattle in the European countries of Finland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the Netherlands and Denmark. Ephemeral fever spreads mainly as an epizootic, and the economic damage is caused by a sharp decrease in animal products, partly by the death of a sick animal, and the costs of drugs, disinfection and disinsection. The disease is caused by the lymphotropic bovine ephemeralis fever rhabdovirus, which belongs to the Rabdoviridae family and stores ribonucleic acid in its nucleolus. After the virus enters the body, antibodies are formed against it that neutralize the virus and bind complement. 3 91 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ The disease is non-contagious, the virus is transmitted to cattle first by the flies of Culex annulirosis, Anopheles annulipes and other genera that suck the blood of cattle, and then through flies to a healthy animal. The virus is not mechanically transferred to healthy cattle through the above-mentioned flies, but lives in their body. That is why flies are reservoirs of this disease in nature. Ephemera fever is characterized by a very rapid spread. The source of the pathogen is sick and virus-carrying cattle. A fly that feeds on the blood of such animals first picks up the ephedrine virus, then infects it with this virus while sucking the blood of a healthy animal. Due to the fact that flies infected with the virus are blown hundreds of kilometers by a strong wind, the disease virus can spread not only in one region, but also across the region, country, and even the continent. Relevance of the topic. This disease belongs to the category of exotic diseases for our country, because ephemeral fever was first recorded in 1984 under the name of Termiz fever, then it was recorded among cattle in 2002 and 2012. In August 2012, it was concluded that this disease, which was observed among cattle in the territory of Surkhandarya region, was brought by a fly infected with the virus from Afghanistan with the help of a strong wind. Because this disease has been registered in the regions of the Asian continent (Indonesia, Japan, China, India) at different times. Disease prevention and control measures. The main way to protect susceptible animals from the virus of this disease is to bring the cattle brought to our country for the purpose of improving the breed from regions healthy for this disease, and to conduct strict clinical control during their preventive quarantine. Keeping livestock farms clean and tidy, carrying out veterinary and sanitary measures on time, i.e. installing a dezobarer at the entrance to the livestock building, organizing access to the buildings through dezogilims thoroughly soaked with disinfectant, every 10 days 3-4% o washing sodium, 5-10% active chlorine lime, regular disinfection with 2-3% formaldehyde, biothermal disinfection of accumulated manure, 3% creolin against hematophages (blood-sucking insects) of buildings, 0.015- 0.025 % cypermethrin, 0.5% ectomin or 0.0062-0.125% nurel-D aqueous emulsion, keeping them within zoohygienic requirements to increase animal resistance, giving nutritious and vitamin feeds to prevent ephemeral fever among cattle helps to get. It is recommended to use live and inactivated cultural vaccines, hyperimmune and convalescent blood sera based on the "Guide" for the use of these preparations for the special prevention of cattle against ephemeral fever. If this disease is detected among cattle by clinical, epizotological, pathologoanatomical, serological and virological methods, the farm or settlement is declared un