ПЕРЕВОД ТЕКСТОВ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЖАНРОВ И СТИЛЕЙ

Аннотация

This article is devoted to translation of texts and their types of various genres and styles. In addition, it gives information about features of the most common text types and teir translations in english language. Key words: types of text, genres, narratives texts, expository texts, descriptive and persesuasive texts. ПЕРЕВОД ТЕКСТОВ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЖАНРОВ И СТИЛЕЙ Аннотация. Данная статья посвящена переводу текстов и их видов различных жанров и стилей. Кроме того, дается информация об особенностях наиболее распространенных типов текста и их переводах на английский язык. Ключевые слова: типы текста, жанры, тексты-нарративы, описательные тексты, описательные и убеждающие тексты. Depending upon their purpose, different texts have specific styles and structures. The groups of styles and structures are called text types.Depending on what your pupose is, you must to be able to choose an appropriate text type and follow its genre conversations. Text types are generally semantic and functional concepts and are not to be confused with text forms. Texts types, also known as genres or text forms, refer to categories of texts with different purposes. Depending on the purpose, each type of text will have have a different convention of style and structure. For example, one of text type is narrative texts and it is type of writing that tells us a story or recounts of events. Also texts can be written belong to their styles and structures. Based on their genres, generic structure and language feature dominantly used, texts are devided into various types. They are narrative, descriptive, expository, persuasive and report, explanation, procedure, discussion and so on. However, the main writing types are narrative, persuasive, expository and descriptive. Here, the question is that what is the genre? The notion of genre is described by Trosborg as text category readily distinguished by mature speakers of a language. According to Miller, a rhetorically sound definition of genre must be centred not on the substance or form of the discourse but on the action it is used to accomplish. Genre can be recognised as a system for achieving social purposes by verbal means. Therefore, for example guidebooks, poems, business letters, newspaper articles can be referred to as genres because they are used in a particular situation for a particular purpose.The notion of genre refers to completed texts. However, communicative function and text type, which constitute text properties, cut across genres. Hence, informative texts include newspaper reports, textbooks, TV news, also argumentative texts - debates, newspaper articles, political speeches, etc. According to the framework associated with Aristotle and Biihler, a text can be classified into a particular type according to which of the four components in the communication process 1 85 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ receives the primary focus: speaker, listener, thing referred to or the linguistic material. If the main focus is on the speaker (sender), the text will be expressive; if on the listener (receiver), it will be persuasive; if on the linguistic code, it will be literary(for example, narrative); and if the aim is to represent the realities of the world, it will be referential. Hatim and Mason, therefore, defined text types as a conceptual framework which enables us to classify texts in terms of communicative intentions serving an overall rhetorical purpose. For translation purposes they adopted Werlich's (1976) typology which comprises five text types: description, narration, exposition, argumentation and instruction. In addition, an argumentative text type may be realised by means of narration, instructions - by description. Narrative texts Narrative text purpose is to telling the story to the reader. It is not always about telling story for entertainment,though. Besides that, aim of these type of texts lie in its capacity to engage the reader’s aimagination and just simply pass on a tale through generations. For instance narrative stories are used in literature, also folkloreand folktales to pass-on cultural values and stories. Narrative texts have to do with real world events and time. They may be fictional (fairy tales, novels)and nonfictional(newspaper report).They are characterized by sequencing of events expressed by dynamic verbs and by adverbials such as “and then”, “firsly”, “second”, “third”. For example, “Opening it, he discovered that it contained 100 pieces of gold. Then he heard a merchant shouted – Uni ochib, ichida 100 dona oltin borligini aniqladi. Shunda u savdogarning qichqirganini eshitdi.” Descriptive texts These kind of text is a text that describe the feature of someone, something or a certain place. Descriptive texts is a klind of texts with purpose to give information. For instance, “The construction is began in 1961 under the direction of President Soekarno and