GLAUCOMA EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE FERGANA VALLEY: REGIONAL CHALLENGES

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION epidemiological conditions for glaucoma. The study utilized complex survey-based epidemiological, biochemical, instrumental, and Materials and Methods of the Study: In the specialized ophthalmological methods for Fergana Valley under the conditions of variable and evaluating glaucoma over three years. A total of sharply continental climate, there are unfavorable 1112 men (35.8%) and women (64.2%) aged ≥1.5– epidemiological conditions for the occurrence of 70 years participated in the study. An analytical glaucoma in the Andijan region. Thus, it was epidemiological approach was used in the established that the widespread practice of prospective observation, yielding results on the epidemiological research to identify and assess the epidemiological effects of contemporary glaucoma. population, obvious clinical signs of glaucoma It was found that total glaucoma occurs in 35.7% of patients is a scientific recommendation. the male population and 64.3% of the female Andijan’s regional climate conditions: In the population (R <0.05). Glaucoma occurs 1.8 times context of eye diseases, with the widespread more in women in the valley's climate. This is a occurrence of glaucoma, the necessity of adopting relatively high rate compared to other regions [3.7] effective treatment methods, the possibility of and certainly indicates unfavorable causing irreversible complications (vision loss), https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajmspr 62 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH (ISSN – 2689-1026) VOLUME 06 ISSUE01 and creating conditions for exacerbating the scientific research results, favorable climatic quality of life, it is becoming increasingly relevant. conditions contribute to the progression of When studying cases of glaucoma patients, it glaucoma cases. Such climatic changes, according becomes clear that in the population of both young to the Khalifa theory, exert their influence through (children and adolescents) and geriatric four receptors (receptors located in the inner populations (elderly individuals), there is a layers of the eye, receptors located in the back and significant shortage of documented cases, and frontal areas of the eyeball, receptors located in the information about the disease is also scarce. hypothalamus area of the midbrain, and receptors Currently, in research conducted worldwide, it is located in the brainstem). becoming increasingly clear that glaucoma, its Some researchers suggest that an increase in modern treatment methods, and its full cure are atmospheric pressure in most cases aggravates not achievable, and 100% prevention of vision loss glaucoma, while according to other information, resulting from the disease is impossible. Without they advocate for the worsening of general achieving significant breakthroughs in the timely conditions in patients suffering from glaucoma and diagnosis and access to modern treatment emphasize the continuous progression of the methods, the prevalence of glaucoma will continue disease regardless of specific climatic factors." The to increase at the regional level, and reducing this information gathered from the studies conducted condition remains challenging. Epidemiological to compare glaucoma in different climatic surveillance and the finalization of examination conditions indicates that living in high-altitude activities are necessary to determine the conditions may lead to a decrease in glaucoma prevalence of glaucoma, and this situation presents prevalence. Hypobaric conditions, i.e., lower a significant challenge. The results of surveillance atmospheric pressure, affect the optic nerve activities indicate an increase in the number of analyzers, leading to an increase in intraocular cases among younger patients, and maintaining pressure. Such conditions, as symptoms, may cause life-long eye health is currently a significant a deterioration in visual activity or even complete concern. "Addressing these issues is considered blindness due to the expansion of the atrophic one of the crucial tasks of modern ophthalmology. climate, accompanied by a decrease in intraocular To accomplish such complex tasks and apply them pressure, which exacerbates angiovascular in practice, new scientific directions are being processes and sharpens the clinical picture of explored. The presence of existing challenges, glaucoma. which are generally poorly understood in the epidemiological sense among the population of Such climatic changes affect the body through elderly individuals: tasks related to finding positive influences, for instance, increased solar solutions to previously mentioned issues have insolation, intensified wind speed, and become apparent. In order to address these highly hyperthermic regimes, resulting in conditions that relevant issues, programs have been developed increase intraocular pressure. These changes based on the findings of detailed scientific research gradually exacerba