The phenomenon of culture shock, it's symptoms and methods of overcoming it

Аннотация

This article will discuss the topic of cultural shock. The article will also cover topics related to his symptoms and their overcoming. Key words: cultural shock, stereotypes, society, stereotyping, social, intercultural communication, methods, overcoming. The experience of cultural shock is caused by relocation to a different environment, as a result of which people develop a reaction resembling grief, in other words, a person experiences strong excitement due to the loss of former ties. At the same time, moving does not always have negative consequences, and therefore the degree of severity of such a loss will be individual in each case. Subjects who find themselves in other cultural conditions associate the manifestations of their own shock with fatalism and insolvency. Cultural shock and adaptation are accompanied by psychological negative manifestations - a sense of loss of position, familiar surroundings, discomfort from understanding the disparity of cultures, social and personal disorientation. At the same time, the source of such feelings is in the person himself, since it is his aspirations that do not correspond to reality. At the same time, it is impossible to conclude unequivocally that there is a clear link between poor adaptation and the level of dissatisfaction with expectations. A common cause of cultural shock is considered to be the dissimilarity of values, which gives rise to all kinds of disagreements arising from misunderstandings, leading to further confrontations. At the same time, values can be conditionally divided into those that are easy to adapt, and those that are much more difficult to adapt. The imperfection of the ability to socialize can generate a culture shock. People who have weak communication skills or have fewer social interaction skills are more difficult to adapt to the changed conditions. The determinant of the phenomenon under consideration may be limited support of society. The range of symptoms of culture shock is very wide — from mild 113 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 emotional disorders to serious stress, psychosis, alcoholism and suicide. In practice, it is often expressed in exaggerated concern for the cleanliness of dishes, linen, the quality of water and food, psychosomatic disorders, general anxiety, insomnia, fear. According to the duration, one or another kind of culture shock can develop from several months to several years, depending on the individual characteristics of the individual. Stages of experiencing culture shock: The first stage is called the "honeymoon": most migrants, once abroad, aspired to study or work, were full of enthusiasm and hope. At the second stage, the unusual environment and culture begin to have their negative impact. Psychological factors caused by misunderstanding of local residents are becoming increasingly important. The result can be frustration, frustration, and even depression. The third stage is critical, as the culture shock reaches its maximum. This can lead to somatic and mental illnesses. Some migrants give up and return home to their homeland. At the fourth stage, an optimistic attitude appears, a person becomes more confident and satisfied with his position in the new society and culture. Adaptation and integration into the life of the new society are progressing very successfully. At the fifth stage, full adaptation to the new culture is achieved. The individual and the environment from this time correspond to each other. Depending on the factors mentioned above, the adaptation process can last from several months to 4-5 years. Thus, a U-shaped curve of cultural shock development is obtained, which is characterized by the following steps: good, worse, bad, better, good. The internal factors of adaptation and overcoming cultural shock also include the circumstances of a person's life experience. The most important thing here is the motives for adaptation. The experience of a new culture is unpleasant or shocking because it can lead to a negative assessment of one's own culture, as well as because it is unexpected. Recently, many Russians have had to experience the impact of this shock. These are "shuttle" merchants; students/scientists, athletes, businessmen, tourists. People traveling abroad for permanent residence feel it especially strongly. As a rule, Russians living abroad note that they live incomparably better financially than in Russia. In developed countries, a person who occupies a low social position lives better financially than an 114 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 outstanding person in Russia. However, morally, Russians living abroad experience a sense of nostalgia, longing, and inferiority. Many people note that at home, in Russia, they would have achieved more. After all, the high material level is common, and against its background, migrants are always second-rate. integration with indigenous peopl