Amir Temur’s influence and role in front of european nations. Foreign policy of temur state

Аннотация

This article discussed the foreign policy of Temur's state and its role in the history of European countries. It is also viewed about its significance and remarkable contribution, social and economic power in world history. Key words. Amir Temur, the world history, influence, contribution, foreign relationship, religion. Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada Amir Temur davlatining tashqi siyosati hamda uning Yevropa mamlakatlari tarixida tutgan o'rni haqida mulohaza qilinadi. Shuningdek, jahon tarixida uning qanchalik darajada ahamiyatliligi va qo'shgan salmoqli hissasi, ijtimoiy hamda iqtisodiy qudrati haqida so'zyuritiladi. Tayanch so’zlar: Amir Temur, dunyo tarixi, tashqi siyosat, madaniyat. It is known from the history of Uzbekistan and the world that Amir Temur is one of the greatest representatives not only of his time, but also of the current period. He built a great state in his time and is a person who left an indelible mark in history as an intercessor of science, a powerful legate, the sponsor of religiou and tolerance. His incomparable legacy is still being studied and researched by our researchers till now. Temur gave attention the importance of the social and economic life of the state and its well-being, as well as established wide relations with the existing states of those times (XIV - XV centuries) in foreign policy. He showed that he is a suitable head of state by acting rationally and judiciously according to the conditions of the period. Ibrahim Mo'minov in his work "The place and role of Amir Temur in the history of Central Asia" recommended to study the activity of his in two stages - periods aimed at creating an independent state in Movorounnahr and Khorasan (old names of Central Asia at that time) and conquering foreign countries. Amir's successful action in both steps was realized and he was able to create an independent centralized country and set foreign policy on the right way. In the analysis of the foreign relationships of Temur's state, it is believed to be based on this criterion. Because the foreign policy of any state formed in history and its foreign relations appear as a direct continuation of its internal policy, 94 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 the king who is irrespective and intelligent in the internal policy also follows his principles in the external relations. Therefore, the diplomatic relations of Amir Temur's state were established and implemented as an integral part of the general policy persuaded by him. The period of Amir Temur's activity until 1370was mainly about liberating Movoraunnahr from the tyranny of the Mongols, which had lasted for more than 150 years, overcoming all the obstacles encountered on the way, being resistant to difficulties and completing the movement, continued with non-stopping and stabilizing the flag of independence in Central Asia. During this time, Temur accomplished activities related to the realisation of this main goal. He was able to get out of all difficult situations with great intelligence and wisdom. Amir Temur's diplomatic dialogues with the rules of countries other than Movoraunnahr during this period show that all the issues of his world politics were mainly aimed at solving them based on the perspective of Islam, and he considered the Qur'an as the main constitution and law of his state. According to Ibrahim Mo'minov opinion on this issue: "Temur, who occupied all the main trade routes of Central Asia, took measures to ensure the safety of caravans on this road, and established purchase relations between the Mashreeq and the Maghreeb, namely, the West and the East, and so gave great importance to lateral development. In this matter, Amir Temur showed himself as a diplomat: Temur regulated economic relations with Byzantium, Venice, Genoa, Spain-Castile, France, England, in other words, with European countries known and famous at that time and intensified its activities in the field of strengthening it" [1]. As proof of this, we can learn from the memoirs of Clavikho, who cited Temur's official correspondence with the British and Spanish lords. As an ambassador, Clavikho wrote in his memoirs in detail about the rules of procedure established in the palace of Amir Temur, reception ceremonies for ambassadors of different countries, and banquets organized [2]. This indicates that the state management system in Movarounnahr was more powerful than other countries during the period of Amir. This valuable information of Clavikho is one of the vital historical sources for studying the socio-political history of Central Asia at that time, the way of life of the population and important information about political 95 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 and trade relations of Temur' state with China, India, Golden Horde, Mongolia and other countries is given. Professor Achil Togayev, a well-known Uzbek scholar of literature, translated Klavikho's "Di