Ways of developing cultural competence in translation

Аннотация

The article talks about the role of cultural competence in translation and the important skills needed to develop the cultural competence of translators. Key words. Culture, competence, cultural competence, translation, skills, target audience. It is true that people speaking different languages have different views, traditions, beliefs, and concepts. Since there are many different languages in the world, each of them represents one culture. Therefore, translating from one language to another is closely related to the concept of culture. It is almost impossible to achieve unprecedented success in translation without having sufficient knowledge of the culture of both source and target languages. Therefore, translators must have to acquire cultural knowledge, so-called cultural competence. Generally, competence means to have enough knowledge, skills, and ability to do something very efficiently and successfully. “Intercultural competence is a range of cognitive, affective, and behavioral skills that lead to effective and appropriate communication with people of other cultures.”44 It helps to avoid different cultural barriers in diverse societies. Therefore, cultural understanding in translation is super important. As mentioned above, any translator who does not have sufficient knowledge and skills about cultures cannot effectively translate a text from one language to another, which results in the translated source becoming completely incomprehensible and meaningless to the reader. And it certainly causes them to lag behind their other counterparts in our highly developed and dog-eat- dog world. Having intercultural competence is not really easy, but creating translations that are culturally appropriate and easily understood by the target audience is essential. Only 44 Internet site: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence (human resources)#:~:text=The%20term%20%22competence%22%20fi rst%20appeared,Planning%20the%20Executi 174 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 having enough knowledge about the culture of the source language is insufficient for a translator, that is, only a translator who has a good understanding of the cultural essence of the translated text and has the ability to fully understand its audience can create extremely successful translation samples. So, according to Olalla-Soler: “The translator's abilities to effectively arrange his/her knowledge about a source culture and that of a target culture and to contrast them in relation to a cultural phenomenon perceived in a source text in order to achieve an acceptable solution in a target text. The translator's cultural competence is related to the other sub-competences that make up translation competence.”45 In addition, as we live in a globalized world, cultures - identities, views, and concepts are changing. Therefore, translators must constantly update their knowledge and never stop developing their cultural competence. Thus, developing cultural competence in translation requires being more creative, which means a desire to learn about different cultures and adapt to new ways of thinking and interacting. For example, in order to develop multicultural competence, every translator should think about learning the cultural aspects of a particular language along with the target audience, be familiar with different cultural backgrounds and beliefs, as well as they need to be interested in the opinions of native people. One of the best ways to develop cultural competence is to learn to know, do, and be. Let's take a look at some of the skills and knowledge that translators need to acquire in order to become culturally competent. 1. Study the natural environment where people speak your target language. 2. It is very important for translators to have knowledge about the flora and fauna, climate, natural phenomena, environmental problems, landscape, and different geographical place names of a certain area. The influence of the place they live and its natural conditions have a significant influence on culture and concepts of people. For example, the English phrase "when pigs fly" which means never happens, is translated as "tuyaning dumi yerga tekkanda" (the camel's tail hits the ground) (Translated by 45 Hurtado Albir, Amparo; Olalla-Soler, Christian (2016). " Procedures for assessing the acquisition of cultural competence in translator training", The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, Vol. 10 No. 3, pp. 318-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750399X.2016.1236561 175 “Media. Til va madaniyat. Tarjima” talabalar ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi - 2023 B.B) in Uzbek. The main reason for this is that Uzbekistan is located in Central Asia, and camels, not pigs, are common here. 3. Study the organization of cultural heritage of where people speak your target language. Having a common knowledge about the characters of a nation like historical people, fictional heroes along with important historical facts, their religion and