Синхронный перевод - это современный вид перевода, который осуществляется во время процесса речи.

Аннотация

В статье рассматриваются различные аспекты синхронного перевода, который появился в начале 20 века и считается самым молодым видом перевода, который в настоящее время становится одним из самых популярных видов перевода. Синхронный перевод сегодня представлен несколькими разновидностями: синхронный, шушотаж, перевод с листа, одновременное чтение заранее переведенного текста, а также одновременное чтение заранее переведенного текста. Ключевые слова: перевод; устный перевод; последовательный перевод; синхронный перевод; виды перевода; синхронный перевод; шушотаж; перевод с листа; одновременное чтение заранее переведенного текста. Annotation. The article deals with various aspects of simultaneous translation, which appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, and considered the youngest type of translation, which is currently becoming one of the most popular types of translation. Simultaneous translation today is represented by several varieties: actually simultaneous, whispering, translation from a sheet, simultaneous reading of a pre-translated text, as well as synchronization of video text and simultaneous-sequential translation. Keywords: translation; oral translation; consecutive translation; Simultaneous translation; types of translation; actual simultaneous translation; whispering; translation from a sheet; simultaneous reading of a previously translated text. 531 “Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar va o‘qitish metodikasi” mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman At present, the role of translation is constantly growing, and one of the reasons should be recognized as the processes of globalization, which are intensively taking place in the world. In its most general form, translation itself is understood, on the one hand, as the process during which the speech work of the source language (SL) is re-created in the target language (TL), and on the other hand, as the result of this process, i.e. a speech work in the target language that appeared as a result of the translation process [Rarenko, 2010, p. 115–117]. An active theoretical understanding of translation falls on the middle of the 20th century, although certain aspects of translation activity were the subject of reflection already in the ancient period, and treatises on the topic “how to translate”, in which translators defended their translation principles, were often mutually exclusive. In the twentieth century The systemic understanding of the translation process was based on the linguistic aspect, which is consistently traced in the works of both domestic and foreign researchers [Barkhudarov, 1975; Komissarov, 1973; Shiryaev, 1979; Retzker, 1950; Schweitzer, 1988; Fedorov, 1983; Catford, 1965; Nida, 1969, etc.], subsequently supplemented by others, such as linguo-psychological studies [Artemov, 1966; Belyaev, 1963; Belyaev, 1965; Winter, 1975; Lambert, 1988; Dillinger, 1994 etc.]. Two forms of translation – written and oral – are equally in demand today. It is believed that oral translation preceded written translation for the reason that the first contacts between speakers of different languages were oral. Oral translation has a number of differences from written translation, primarily due to the form of its existence. Firstly, interpretation implies a single perception (since there are no fixed forms of texts in the outgoing and target languages) 1. Secondly, interpretation, to a greater extent than written translation, is contextually determined and allows for invariance. Thirdly, interpreting is characterized by spontaneity; it is carried out without delay in time. The practical benefit of oral translation also lies in the fact that both the speaker and the listener are in an equally advantageous position, since the former formulates a thought in his native language, corrects it if necessary, and the listener perceives the message in his native language, clarifies it if necessary, which is not possible in written translation. According to psycholinguistic studies, interpretation occurs either in two stages – analysis and synthesis, brought to automatism, or in three stages, namely: listening, perception, analysis and understanding of a linguistically significant signal; then comprehension and, finally, the creation of a new linguistic signal. Oral translation, as is known, is represented by two main varieties – consecutive translation and simultaneous translation. In consecutive interpreting, the interpreter starts translating (or, more precisely, starts voicing the text in TL) only after the end of the speaker’s speech or its fragment. If a fairly large fragment of the text is to be translated, then, as a rule, translation takes place in paragraphs, phrases, sentences. This can be recorded. Simultaneous translation, or simultaneous translation proper, is a kind of oral translation, the 532 “Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar va o‘qitish metodikasi” mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman distin