Прагматические характеристики при переводе юридических терминов

Аннотация

This article is devoted to the pragmatic characteristics in translating legal terms in English and Uzbek. The research paper aims at demonstrating how pragmatic and functional considerations are important in legal translation.The legal term is not devoid of pragmatic properties represented by its emotional components, since the lexical style of legal documents does not remain unchanged and directly depends on the general trends in the development and functioning of the literary language as a whole in turn, are determined by a complex of linguistic and extra linguistic factors. Keywords: pragmatic properties, legal term, meaning, variability, legal discourse, text, pragmatic synonyms. Аннотация. Данная статья посвящена прагматическим особенностям перевода юридических терминов на английский и узбекский языки. Цель исследования показать, насколько важны прагматические и функциональные соображения при юридическом переводе. Юридический термин не лишен прагматических свойств, представленных его эмоциональными компонентами, поскольку лексический стиль юридических документов не остается неизменным и напрямую зависит от общих тенденций. в развитии и функционировании литературного языка в целом, в свою очередь, определяются комплексом языковых и экстралингвистических факторов. Ключевые слова: прагматические свойства, юридический термин, значение, изменчивость, юридический дискурс, текст, прагматические синонимы. Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqola yuridik atamalarni ingliz va o‘zbek tillariga tarjima qilishning pragmatik xususiyatlariga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotning maqsadi huquqiy tarjimada pragmatik va funktsional mulohazalar qanchalik muhimligini ko‘rsatishdir. Yuridik atama o‘zining hissiy tarkibiy qismlari bilan ifodalanadigan pragmatik xususiyatlardan mahrum emas, chunki huquqiy hujjatlarning leksik uslubi o‘zgarishsiz qolmaydi va bevosita umumiy tendentsiyalarga bog‘liq. Kalit so‘zlar: pragmatik xususiyatlar, yuridik atama, ma’no, o‘zgaruvchanlik, huquqiy nutq, matn, pragmatik sinonimlar. The pragmatics of the legal term in the context of its meaning, as well as objective and subjective reasons for the interpretative variability of special legal vocabulary are investigated. The use of the term "pragmatics" in the study of the 486 “Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar va o‘qitish metodikasi” mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman phenomenon of a legal term seems permissible when describing the properties of so-called evaluative words. Disregarding emotional aspects is impossible because a term is a word in the lexical system of a natural language. The term pragmatics first emerged in the late 1930s, when Charles Morris described it as one of the three sections of semiotics that studies the interaction between signals and the person who uses, reproduces, and interprets them. He said that pragmatics deals with the behavior of signals in real communication processes, and that the fact that it deals with biological, psychological, and social phenomena observable in the functioning of signs is sufficient to suggest that it is concerned with them. There are several definitions of pragmatics. Yu.D. Apresyan understands pragmatics as “fixed in a linguistic unit (lexeme, affix, grammeme, syntactic construction) the attitude of the speaker to reality, to the content of the message, to the addressee” (Apresyan 1988: 135). N.D. Arutyunova defines pragmatics as “a field of research in semiotics and linguistics that studies the functioning of linguistic signs in speech” (Arutyunova 1990b:389). Geoffrey Leech considers pragmatics to be the study of how statements acquire meanings in situations (Leech 1983). It is known that the amount of these non-linguistic factors does not match in different languages, so the translator must understand that the object described in the original text may be inaccessible to the representative of the target language. Therefore, the translator must have all the necessary competencies to convey the content of the source text in a coherent way. This point reflects the essence of the pragmatic aspect of translation. The implementation of a pragmatic impact on the recipient of information is an important part of any communication, including interlingua. Any statement aims to get a certain communicative effect, so pragmatics plays an important role in the text of the translation. V.N. Komissarov defines pragmatics as "the impact of the necessity to recreate the pragmatic potential of the original and the desire to deliver the intended impact on the translation receptor on the course and result of the translation process" (Komissarov 1990: 210). The original’s pragmatic potential is defined as "the power of the text to have a communicative impact, causing the receptor to have a pragmatic relation to the message being transmitted, in other words, to exert a pragmatic influence on the recipient of information" (Komissarov 1990: 210). However, it should be noted that the pragmatics of the sourc