Calculation of the intensity of solar radiation

Аннотация

This paper of this work is the solar radiation of methods for calculating the intensity of solar radiation by the analytical method and the method of coefficients. At the stage of developing a feasibility study for a solar heating system project, the choice of a method for calculating the influx of solar radiation intensity is important. As a result of the calculations, the graphs of the dependences of the total inflow of the specific heat flux per 1 m2 during the year were obtained, calculated using various methods. The calculations showed that the amount of incoming heat calculated by various methods differs significantly. 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Factors due to the design and manufacturing technology of the photovoltaic array and the photovoltaic installation, the angle of the photovoltaic The solar power system seems to be very simple. array in relation to the horizon, the characteristics of As in most other power supply systems from the photovoltaic array, etc. autonomous sources, it has only 4 main components 2. Climatic factors due to the impact of ambient solar the photovoltaic panels themselves, batteries, a radiation on the output energy characteristics of a charge controller and an inverter that converts low- photovoltaic battery. Such factors include solar voltage direct current to a household standard of 220 radiation, air temperature, air dustiness, humidity, V. However, all elements must be coordinated with wind speed [2]. When designing a solar energy each other. And if the components common to all system, it is necessary to take into account the such systems (inverter, batteries, wires) are climatic features of the region where it is planned to considered on a separate page, then here I want to use a photovoltaic battery. For this, full-scale tests of consider components specific to photovoltaic systems a photovoltaic battery were carried out with - photovoltaic panels (solar panels) and controllers for simultaneous monitoring of atmospheric parameters. them. But, of course, first of all, the most important Determination of the possibilities of the Sun. The question is considered the choice of the power of solar calculation of electricity needs for a particular mode panels or, which in real life, with its inevitable of its use is considered on a separate page. Now we limitations in financial and material resources, is need to determine the possibilities of the Sun and, much more relevant - how to determine what kind of before starting to invest our money and our time in result can be expected from solar panels of one or the creation of the system, solar radiation these another nominal power , that is, is the game worth the possibilities with their needs. The basis for candle [1]. calculating expected energy production is data on the Unlike traditional energy sources, the operation of a power of solar radiation, taking into account weather photovoltaic battery depends on both climatic and conditions. It is desirable that the data be for different technological factors. The whole set of factors that angles of the panel, at least for vertical and horizontal affect the operation of a photovoltaic battery can be orientation. divided into two groups: The most important issue is the choice of the angle 𝐼𝑠sop is the intensity of direct solar radiation that of the panel. Bearing in mind the possibility of year- enters ahorizontal surface, W/m2; round use, an angle of 15° more than the geographical 𝐼𝑑sop is the intensity of scattered solar radiation that latitude should be preferred (in addition, the greater enters a horizontal surface,Pd is the collector position the slope, the less dust and snow will linger on the factor for diffuse solar radiation. panel). For Moscow, this is 70°, since I have the Data on 𝐼𝑠sop and Idsop values for individual cities opportunity to install a panel with a south orientation are given in the appendix. In the absence of data, you at such an inclination (deviation from the south can use the approximate values of the hourly sums of direction by about 10 ° to the east is unprincipled). direct and diffuse solar radiation according to the By the way, if the winter use of solar panels is not zoning map and weather data [6]. expected, they may well be placed on a wall or roof Calculation of solar radiation intensity slope oriented not to the south, but to the west or east, analytically. In accordance with the methodology: and in this case it is better to increase the slope of the The magnitude of the intensity of solar radiation q, panels along the solar radiation direction with the W, incident on 1 m2 of the inclined plane of the optimal direction for summer or in general, install the surface surface in each hour of daylight hours, under panels vertically, since in the morning and evening real conditions, is determined by the formula: the Sun is close to the horizon. 𝜂 =𝑓𝑓 𝑗𝑠𝑐𝑈𝑜𝑐 (2) 𝑊𝑆 then (2) can be written as 𝑗 2 Materials and Methods 𝛾 =|1− 𝑠𝑐,1 | 𝑗 𝑠𝑐,0 where Is and Id are th