КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ АНГЛИЙСКИХ СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЙ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИХ ПЕРЕВОДА НА УЗБЕКСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Аннотация

The present article aims to discuss issues that translators and English language learners face while interpreting English phraseological units, particularly collocations. Translating is more than knowing of language, the translator must be creative and should have high linguistic and aesthetic skills to describe complicated phrases correctly. This paper is devoted to showing the ways and methods of eliminating these crucial problems in the translation process. Keywords: descriptive translation, target language, grammatical collocation, lexical collocations, strong collocutors, weak collocutors, fixed phrase, word formation. КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ АНГЛИЙСКИХ СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЙ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИХ ПЕРЕВОДА НА УЗБЕКСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Аннотация. Цель настоящей статьи - обсудить проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются переводчики и изучающие английский язык при переводе английских фразеологизмов, в частности словосочетаний. Перевод - это нечто большее, чем знание языка, переводчик должен быть творческим человеком и обладать высокими лингвистическими и эстетическими навыками, чтобы правильно описывать сложные фразы. Эта статья посвящена показу путей и методов устранения этих важнейших проблем в процессе перевода. Ключевые слова: описательный перевод, целевой язык, грамматические словосочетания, лексические словосочетания, сильные словосочетания, слабые словосочетания, фиксированная фраза, словообразование. English and Uzbek collocations distinctly differ from each other, for that reason interpreting them from the target language to the source language may be challenging, and also demands a high level of language skill. One of the main tasks of the translator is to preserve the real meaning of phrases despite linguistic, semantic, and grammatical differences between languages. Numerous researches have been carried out on translating collocations. For instance, Lyons (1997) believes that a collocation should be considered as a whole and that separating its components does not give a legitimate meaning equal to the combination of them. So many collocations are unique as well as culturally specific, if they are translated word for word, it can sound unnatural and can cause more confusion. Therefore, in some cases, descriptive translation may be handled with them, during this process one or more elements of phrases can be omitted. Although previous research on this topic has been done in detail, insufficient attention has been paid to the linguistic meaning and classification of collocations. The main objective of this paper is to assist readers in interpreting some English phrases that are hard to find suitable equivalents in the Uzbek language. 9 58 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2023 VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ This article will first discuss several examples of complex collocations in English, and then tackle the issues of translating them into the Uzbek language. First of all, collocations are classified by "lexical collocation" and "grammatical collocation". Grammatical collocations are: - noun plus preposition; comment on something. - verb plus preposition; involve in something. - adjective plus preposition; fond of something. Translating grammatical collocations to the Uzbek language is much more intricate than interpreting lexical ones, owing to variations in the grammatical structure of the two languages. For instance, the phrase guilty of something is translated as "biror narsada aybdor". The proposition "of" is interpreted differently, Let us take other illustrations of grammatical collocations: - by chance means "tasodifan"; - by dint of means "tufayli, sababli" The preposition "by" changes the direct meaning of other words combined with itself. - in charge means "javobgar" - at rest, the meaning of this phrase is "dead or free from pain and problems", another explanation of it is "steady, not mowing". In the translation, it is necessary to pay close attention to even minor elements of each phrase, otherwise, the compound may depict completely different words. Here, we take two examples of slightly different collocations. - fresh out of something means "just finished one's education and not having a lot of experience" or "just come from a particular place" - be fresh out of something - "used last supplied of something" (American English spoken) e.g., Anna is fresh out of juice - "Anna sharbatning oxirini ichdi". Lexical collocations may be weak and strong, weak ones can collocate hundreds of words, therefore, they are termed "weak collocations" Strong collocations are often so-called "fixed phrases" by some scientists because they cannot used together with other synonyms of words. In terms of the degree of cohesiveness of lexical combination, Benson (1986) states collocations are “fixed phrases” stored in the mind. Strong collocator Weak collocator - wish Big + price, river, flat, queue, station, Make corpus, university, disappointment and Fulfil + wish etcetera Express