ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ В ПЕРЕВОДЕ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ТЕКСТОВ С АНГЛИЙСКОГО НА УЗБЕКСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Аннотация

The article discusses translation changes in literary texts, which are unavoidable when information is transferred from English into Uzbek, giving linguists a huge amount of empirical data for their study. Translators are inevitably forced to use a variety of "transformations" to achieve pragmatic adaptation of the text. A skilled translator should accurately translate the original text with clarity, while preserving the highest level of adequacy. Overcoming the subjectivism and random mistakes of the author is a necessity when utilizing translation as a source for linguistic study. Key words: source text, transformations, methods, lexical transformation, substitutions, addition, omission, equivalence, semantic components. ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ В ПЕРЕВОДЕ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ТЕКСТОВ С АНГЛИЙСКОГО НА УЗБЕКСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются переводческие изменения в художественных текстах, которые неизбежны при переводе информации с английского языка на узбекский, предоставляя лингвистам огромный объем эмпирических данных для изучения. Переводчики неизбежно вынуждены прибегать к различным "трансформациям" для достижения прагматической адаптации текста. Опытный переводчик должен перевести оригинальный текст ясно и точно, сохранив при этом максимальный уровень адекватности. Преодоление субъективизма и случайных ошибок автора - необходимость при использовании перевода в качестве источника для лингвистического исследования. Ключевые слова: исходный текст, трансформации, методы, лексические трансформации, замены, добавления, опущения, эквивалентность, семантические компоненты. Translation transformations are technical techniques and methods of translation, which consist of transforming the text by replacing units of the source language with communicatively equivalent units of the target language if it is impossible to use regular correspondences in a given context. In addition, translation transformations are called language expressions that are obtained as a result of the use of such techniques and methods. According to many linguists, transformations, which consist of changing the formal or semantic components of the source text, are the basis of most modern translation techniques. Translation transformations are aimed at achieving the main goal of translation - the creation of an adequate and equivalent translation. This means that the semantic content of the source text and its functional and stylistic characteristics must be fully conveyed. The main feature of translation transformations is that the translation uses a unit of the target language that is not typical for a given unit of the source language (that is, irregular, 4 62 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2023 VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ contextual correspondences). This is done to provide the most accurate translation (compared to using regular matches in a particular context). The implementation of translation transformations is possible due to several translation techniques: in particular, the methods of displacement, lexical additions, and omissions. The movement technique involves the use of an irregular correspondence in a different (than in the original) place of the utterance. Omission means the translator's rejection of the words of the original, which are semantically redundant, irrelevant, and easily recoverable in context. Lexical additions convey the semantic components of the original that were left unexpressed. As a rule, we can talk about the following tasks that can be solved by applying translation transformations: • Bring the translation closer to the norms of the target language; • Prevent the use of word-building models that are alien to the target language; • Minimize the use of literalisms in translation (that is, errors associated with literal translation); • Improving the naturalness, aesthetics, compactness, clarity, and consistency of the translation text; • Save readers from redundant information and focus their attention on important background information; • To convey in translation the stylistic figures of the text, which were created by a difficult- to-transfer wordplay. So, according to one of the concepts, translation transformations can be considered as a set of four main types of changes. These include the following changes: • Permutations are changes (compared to the original text) in the order and location in the translation text of language elements (as a rule, words and phrases); • Substitutions are changes in the grammatical (members of a sentence, parts of speech, types of syntactic connection) and lexical (concretization, compensation, anatomical translation) components of the original text; • Additions - this is the use of additional language units in the translation text, the correspondence of which is not in the original text; • Omission is the opposite of adding language units. Depending on the nature of deviations from interlingual correspon