THEORY ANDMETHODSOF TEACHING FOREIGNLANGUAGES Nazarova Munira Abdumalikovna

Аннотация

This article examines the evolution of foreign language teaching methodologies, focusing on behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism and their influence on instructional approaches. It highlights the shift from traditional grammar-based methods to interactive, technology-enhanced learning. Emphasizing the role of meaningful communication, learner autonomy, and cultural awareness, the study underscores the need for adaptive, research- informed strategies tomeet thedemands of globalization and diverse learner needs. Key words: method, skills, behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, theoretical frameworks, cognitivecode approach, grammar translation method, Task-Based Language Teaching Annotatsiya:Ushbu maqola bixeviorizm, kognitivizm va konstruktivizmga e'tibor qaratib, chet tillarini o‘qitish metodologiyasining evolyutsiyasini va ularning ta'lim yondashuvlariga ta’sirini o‘rganadi. U an’anaviy grammatikaga asoslangan usullardan interaktiv, texnologiya takomillashtirilgan ta’limga o‘tishni ta’kidlaydi. Ma’noli muloqot, o‘quvchilarning avtonomiyasi va madaniy xabardorlik rolini ta’kidlagan holda, tadqiqot globallashuv talablari va o‘quvchilarning turli ehtiyojlarini qondirish uchun moslashuvchan, tadqiqotdan xabardor strategiyalar zarurligini ta’kidlaydi. Kalit so‘zlar:usul, ko‘nikmalar, bixeviorizm, kognitivizm, konstruktivizm, nazariy asoslar, kognitiv kodyondashuvi, grammatik tarjima usuli,vazifaga asoslangan til o‘rgatish. Аннотация:В этой статье рассматривается эволюция методик преподавания иностранных языков, с упором на бихевиоризм, когнитивизм и конструктивизм и их влияние на подходы к обучению. В ней подчеркивается переход от традиционных методов, основанных на грамматике, к интерактивному обучению с использованием технологий. Подчеркивая роль осмысленной коммуникации, автономии учащихся и культурной осведомленности, исследование подчеркивает необходимость адаптивных, основанных на исследованиях стратегий для удовлетворения требований глобализации и разнообразныхпотребностей учащихся. Ключевые слова: метод, навыки, бихевиоризм, когнитивизм, конструктивизм, теоретические основы, подход когнитивного кода, метод перевода грамматики, обучение языкунаосновезадач Language as a means of communication, sends a message to the world about social cohesion, cultural shape, and national development of a certain country. Learning foreign page1534 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai languages has become one of today’s most important requirements. For generations, linguists and educators have been interested in teaching other languages Effective language education strategies have become increasingly important. As a result of globalization and the growing need for multilingual communication. Knowing a foreign language enhances intellectual ability by being a key to a wide range of knowledge bases and allows people to advance their socioeconomic well-being. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev issued a decree “On measures to raise the popularization of learning foreign languages to a qualitatively new level” in May, 2021 [1]. According to this document, the quality of education and the qualification of foreign languages teachers have enhanced foreign language teaching in schools and higher educational institutions. This process fundamentally requires both a comprehensive mastery of the target language and highly developed communication skills. Language educators play a pivotal role in facilitating language acquisition and guiding learners toward fluency, accuracy, and communicative competence. Effective language instruction not only involves imparting linguistic knowledge but also fostering an environment that supports meaningful interaction, cultural awareness, and cognitive engagement. Effective teaching a foreign language is not only measured by cause to acquire knowledge of another tongue, or skills like reading, speaking, writing, and listening, but also being aware of intercultural communication, understanding and respecting the traditions and life of other nations, and being tolerant towards modus vivendi oftheir societies. Throughout the history of foreign language education, various theoretical frameworks have emerged, each providing distinct perspectives on how individuals acquire and use a new language. These frameworks serve as the foundation for numerous teaching methodologies and instructional strategies, shaping both traditional and modern approaches to language learning. Among the most influential theoretical paradigms are behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism, each of which offers a unique lens through which language acquisition can be understood and facilitated. Behaviorism, rooted in the principles of stimulus-response learning, emphasizes repetition, reinforcement, and habit formation as key mechanis