THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF ANCIENT PEOPLES IN THE FORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND MORAL VIEWS OF MEDIEVAL EASTERN THINKERS Boymirzayev Hero Hasanboyevich

Аннотация

The article examines the historical, socio-cultural conditions and social environment in the Muslim East, the scientific and methodological bases of studying the interpretation of justice in the moral views. Also, the factors that influenced the formation of his moral views were analyzed. Key words: Muslim East, historical, socio-cultural conditions, social environment, moral views, philosophical, justice, scientific-methodological basis, activity, historical-philosophical analysis. INTRODUCTION. The activity of "Bayt al-Hikma", which operated in Baghdad, played an important role in the development of the scientific and ethical views of medieval Eastern thinkers, and the developed sciences of that time, including philosophy, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, and religious sciences, were there. and ample opportunities were created for dealing with literature and translating works. This place, originally built as a library, will soon become a center for translating the books collected there into Arabic. As a result, mature scientists and translators of their time gather here and engage in scientific activities. Therefore, the place of this dargah in the Islamic world and the development of Arab-Muslim knowledge is incomparable. At that time, it is important that this place collected unique works in Greek, Indian and Persian languages, as well as the fact that they were translated into Arabic and put into circulation. LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODS. Historical, socio-cultural conditions and social environment in the Muslim East in the 9th-11th centuries, the scientific and methodological basis of studying the interpretation of justice in the moral views of Abu Abdullah Rudaki A. Ashraf (USA), K. Y. Bosworth (England), François de Blois (France) ), Rypka (Netherlands), Dabashi, Hamid (USA), E.G. Brown (England), R.M. Chopra (India), Southgate, Minoo S. (Iran), A. Boboxonov, A. Zunnunov, N. Komilov, U. Mahkamov . studied by researchers such as RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Caliphs Al-Mansur, Harun al-Rashid, Al- Ma'mun, as patrons of science, attracted ancient manuscripts and great thinkers- scientists to their court and supported this process for years. As a result, 34 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference Baghdad thinkers have great opportunities for epistemological research. Also, during Al-Mansur's time, special attention was paid to attracting scholars from other countries to Baghdad. Representatives of the textile industry, doctors, chemists, engineers and geographers invited from Iran worked in his palace and contributed to the development of science in the Islamic land. It is worth noting that highly qualified translators from several countries of the world with excellent knowledge of foreign languages are invited to the palace for accurate and high-quality translations. The rulers paid large sums of money for the work of translators and scholars. For example, Al-Ma'mun gave special awards for the best scientific and literary works every Tuesday of the week. As a result, doing science and creativity becomes the most profitable and respected profession. We can see that the scientific heritage and philosophy of the Greek, Indian, and Persian peoples entered the Islamic world after the development of translation activities, and this had a strong impact on the epistemological views of Islamic thinkers, and changed the subject and methodology of scientific activity. After all, "in addition to the Greek element, the Iranian-Movarounnahr element is also strong in the culture developed under the banner of Islam. Even often this culture is perceived as a "Persian-Islamic" union. From the beginning of the 10th century, the Persian language became the language of fiction, especially poetry, in Islamic countries, and its elements were added to the Arabic language. An example of this is the epistemological views of Mohammad Zakariyo Razi. In his philosophical teaching about man and the world, he thinks about the fact that the world consists of five eternal beginnings, and that bodies consist of atoms (indivisible particles), the migration of souls, that is, the dogma of intercourse, which he it can be considered that it was formed under the influence of Indian philosophy. Apart from Razi, the belief that bodies are composed of atoms was also spread among Muslim scholars. This is the doctrine of duality (dualism) opposed to Aristotle's philosophy, according to which substance (substance) and oraz (accident) are interpreted as two independent beginnings. Industry soon appeared as one of the conditions of faith. With only one exception, Muslim scholars accepted the atomic theory of matter, space, and time, and based on it they developed a firm rule of speech in which God was the only one with absolute authority. But the Muslim theologians treated the accident separately from the creatures and described it as atomic threads. According to their concept, the aroz w