The article effectively analyzes the conceptualization of color in English and Karakalpak, establishing a thesis that underscores the cultural and cognitive dimensions of color semantics

Аннотация

The article effectively analyzes the conceptualization of color in English and Karakalpak, establishing a thesis that underscores the cultural and cognitive dimensions of color semantics. By employing comparative methodologies and referencing a broad range of scholarly work, the author sheds light on the intricate relationship between language, culture, and color interpretation, although the incorporation of concrete examples would further strengthen the analysis. Key words: color, culture, cognitive conceptualization, paradigm, lexeme, semantics, фразеологические единицы Colors are a means of clearly demonstrating the unity of each nation, and in this process, the goal is to determine the process of conceptualizing color interpretations in people's minds. At the same time, information was discussed and taken into account about the main criteria for studying colors as an object of study, as well as about the processes of their study. In this case, the research methods are a comparative discussion of color interpretations in English and Karakalpak languages based on historical, comparative, ethnocultural, and cognitive phenomena. The absence of similarity in the lexical layer of English and Karakalpak languages, which are heterogeneous languages, is an axiom, and therefore, the existence of a range of modern languages is possible only if there are differences in this aspect of similarity. According to our hypothesis, the semantics of each lexical unit is related to the functional-semantic description of these terms and concepts, that is, it is clarified that the conceptualization of color terms in English and Karakalpak languages is related to prototypes, metaphorical, metonymic, cultural associations, connotation and aspects that differ from the semantic field. The study of the phenomenon of color in the context of linguocultural and cognitive paradigms is a simple regularity (from foreign scientists: Berlin, Kay 1969; R. Gackendoff 1993, 2002; V. Berlin, R. Kay 1969; N. Rosch, 1973; J. Itten, 1970; Scientists from the CIS: Vorobyov 1997; Makovsky 1996, 1997; Telia 1996; Maslova, 1997; Krasnix 2001, 2002; Stepanov 1997, 1997; from local scientists: Khojanov 2013; Seytkasimov 2016; Khodjalepesova 2021; 5 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference Turabayeva 2021; Kadyrbaeva 2023; Orazimbetova 2024 et al.), their research focuses on the study of linguistic systems, the analysis of structural features of language, the conceptual system, the analysis of problems related to the role of language in constructing all its manifestations, and the identification of cognitive mechanisms for understanding reality. Due to the priority of a sensitive and artistic form of studying the world, color has the ability to change a person's physical and psycho-emotional state, which in turn leads to the stabilization of culture and the formation of a necessary part of the conceptual image with the oldest semiotic system. In myths, which are the source of the most basic knowledge, colors are classified, serve as an element of rituals and beliefs, and at the same time are a means of gathering the most necessary information. Therefore, they become not only an objective characteristic of the world for a person, but also a moral and aesthetic category, expressing indicators, norms, and attitudes saturated with expressive evaluation. Prototypical images and categories are closely related to color expressions, and color has always been of great importance in human culture, it is closely related to the interpretation of existence as the foundation of the philosophical and aesthetic sphere, in which L.V. Knodel expresses the opinion that "a person organizes himself in his whole existence through more color and harmonizes his relationships with the world" [Knodel 2019: 5]. Color as a physical phenomenon was first described by I. Newton, who studied colors as light waves of a certain length. In his scientific work, I.V. Goethe provides information about color: "the sensation and aesthetic action of color." This thesis states that colors have different meanings and emphasize that they have a certain psychological content, therefore their study requires research within the framework of the mechanical method, based on traditional physics [Goethe 2019: 51]. However, when studying colors within the framework of a mechanical phenomenon, only their denotative meanings are taken into account, while connotative semantics is neglected. In L.V. Knodel's monograph "English Color Idiomatics," he states that "although dictionaries of different languages contain 100 to 150 names of colors, the human eye can distinguish only 100,000 types of colors" [Knodel 2019: 7]. Researchers define the number of color names differently, and at the same time, they believe that different methods of color research are used. It has been established that the number of color expressions on the Internet exceeds 1028, which makes their resea