Состояние цитокинового профиля и факторов апоптоза у детей с дилатационной кардиомиопатией

Аннотация

A clinical and immunological examination of 21 school children from 7 to 14 years old with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) was carried out. As a control, 20 practically healthy children of comparable age were examined. Significant changes in the studied parameters of the immune system were found in children with DCMP. A significant increase in the concentration of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-18 increased by 4.2 and 3.0 times) cytokines was revealed. The number of expressing apoptosis antigen - CD95 + cells in peripheral blood rises 2.0 times. KEYWORDS: children, dilated cardiomyopathy, immunity, lymphocytes, apoptosis, cytokines. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to study the state of the In recent years, a wide study of apoptosis processes in cytokine profile and apoptosis factors in schoolchildren the development of pathological processes has begun. with DCMP. This problem is relevant, reveals the importance of the activation of apoptosis factors in dilated MATERIAL AND METHODS cardiomyopathies (DCMP) in children. DCMP is a The present study included 50 schoolchildren from 7 to disease characterized by dilatation of the left ventricle 14 years old with an established diagnosis of DCMP. with the development of systolic heart failure and is not The control group consisted of 20 children of the same associated with coronary heart disease or valvular age. dysfunction.[3,4,9,12] Immunological studies in the examined children were Apoptotic cell death is known to be a fundamental carried out in the laboratory of immunoregulation of the process in regulating immune responses. The classic Institute of Human Immunology and Genomics, specific apoptosis induction receptor is CD95 + (Fas / Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Apo-1). When cells are activated, CD95 + is most expressed on neutrophils, CD4 + T-lymphocytes, which The expression of CD95 + receptors was performed characterizes their high sensitivity to FasL-induced using monoclonal antibodies produced by Sorbent LLC, apoptosis, but the action of inducers is necessary to start Russia (Moscow). the process.[1,5] The pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, which is the main pro-apoptogenic cytokine and, at the The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α and system level, leads to the induction of apoptosis of blood interleukin 18 (TNF-α and IL-18) in the blood serum was cells, act as factors inducing apoptosis. Another inducing determined by the method of enzyme-linked factor is interleukin-18 (IL-18), which, affects the immunosorbent assay using test systems ZAO secretion of IFNγ, activates the cells of the monocyte- "VECTOR-BEST" (Russia, Novosibirsk). Quantitative macrophage system, which leads to the activation of assessment of the results was carried out by constructing many antibacterial and antiviral responses. It is believed a calibration curve or using the commercial computer that the stress-induced release of IL-18 can lead to an program ―Microplate manager‖, reflecting the increase in the IFNγ cycle, which is involved in the dependence of optical density on concentration for a activation of the expression of Fas proteins (CD95 +), standard antigen and allowing comparison of the studied the stimulation of which leads to apoptosis.[2,6,7] samples with it. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the computer program Statistica 6.0. The www.ejpmr.com 17 Kamalov et al. European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research significance of differences in the average values of the The binding of soluble and surface-expressed activated compared indicators was evaluated by Student's criterion lymphocyte receptors (FasL- and Fas-) causes cell (t) apoptosis. The number of peripheral blood-expressing apoptosis antigen - CD95 + cells in healthy children RESULTS AND DISCUSSION averaged 18.8 ± 0.91% with individual values from 11 to Apoptosis, often called physiological cell death, is an 24%. This indicator in children with DCMP was energetically active, genetically controlled process that significantly increased (38.5 ± 1.44% P <0.001) serves to eliminate defective or damaged cells. Apoptosis compared with those of healthy newborns. helps preserve the order and normal functioning of the biological system, cleansing of unclaimed, sick (who An increase in the expression of apoptosis antigen - have completed their life cycle or resulting from CD95 + cells in the peripheral blood, which refers to a mutations of potentially dangerous) cells and is a membrane or receptor-mediated factor, initiates the fundamental process of maintaining homeostasis: both an development of apoptosis. Through the C-terminal increase and a decrease in the level of apoptosis lead to intracellular domain of this receptor (the so-called death disruption of homeostasis and the development of domain), the implementation of the apoptogenic signal is various diseases. IL-18 and apoptosis expressing antigen activated. The determination of CD95 + on the su