PECULIARITIES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (DISCOURS DIRECT ET INDIRECT) IN FRENCH LANGUAGE

Аннотация

This article discusses the science of sociolinguistics, its object of study, language and social relations, language and society relations, the impact of changes in society on language, which emerged at the intersection of linguistics with sociology. Keywords: linguistics, sociology, anthropocentrism, social factors, language policy, speech, linguistic factor. As language is a social phenomenon, it is inextricably linked with society and its life. The study of issues such as the social nature of language, its social function, the impact of changes in society on language, the role of language policy in the development of language, intersected the science of linguistics with the science of sociology. The study of sociolinguistics, which results from the intersection of two independent disciplines at one point, is conducted under the name of sociology of language and studies the relationship between society and language. The term sociolinguistics is made up of two components, the Latin words "social" and "lingua’’. Sociolinguistics is used in linguistics in the following senses: 1. The relationship between language and society, that is, the role of language in the life and development of society, and vice versa, the role of society in the development of language. 2. Differences in language due to the social grouping of the nation. Language is a manifestation of the human mind. Moreover, the human mind is the highest product of nature's many millions of years of evolution. In this sense, language as an expression of our mind and our language through our mind cannot be compared to anything else, an event, and a process. Naturally, like any social event and phenomenon, language develops in the process of different views, thoughts, and struggles. The struggle for language, in turn, is not just a matter of rules for the inner life of language, of their accuracy and validity. The struggle for language is, first, a struggle for the place of language in society. Today the processes of globalization and the growth of scientific and technological achievements are accelerating to such an extent that many national languages 149 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference are unable to withstand their pressure, intensity and pressure, and are declining under the influence of other languages. In the current state of development, it is important to keep in mind that today is a time of intensification of dialogue and relations between nations, countries and states. No nation in society can live on its own, in isolation from other nations. They have to be in constant economic and spiritual contact and communication. Such attitudes and dialogue will accelerate the development of nations; pave the way for rapid acquaintance with innovations and discoveries in science, technology and industry, spirituality and culture. This, in turn, requires learning the languages of other peoples. After all, learning a foreign language is a social event. Learning a foreign language gives you the opportunity to learn a different culture. l, in turn, adopt the concepts and views of culture in our social environment and evaluate this culture in terms of the concepts of our national culture. As mentioned above, language has a social character since its inception. Because language originated in a group of people, in the process of social work, it serves to communicate, to exchange ideas. Language is a social weapon that exists only in society, among people. The fate of language is linked to the fate of society. The object of sociolinguistics is to study the effect of language on changes in society. Sociological research is usually conducted in two or more areas. I will consider some of these parameters. The object of sociological research includes various social elements, namely the features related to language differences. The amount of these elements may change over time, but basic research emphasizes the following three elements: 1) the transmitter of information; 2) the recipient; 3) environment. I. The social background of the communicator is more pronounced in some industry-specific dialects. This is the case, for example, in many Hindu dialects. I also see this in the conversations between men and women. It depends on the perception of the community by the person transmitting the information. II. The social background of the person receiving the speech is more specific to Eastern languages. For example, when addressing an adult, it is used as a sign of respect. Another unique style of speech is children's speech, which is not only the way children speak, but also the way adults speak to children in many languages. 150 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference III. The third element is the environment, which includes all the elements of speech other than the above. Examples of this are the terms that have emerged in almost all languages due to the social environment. In th