This article focuses on pelvic organ prolapse (POP), a condition marked by the descent of the pelvic floor and its organs

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This article focuses on pelvic organ prolapse (POP), a condition marked by the descent of the pelvic floor and its organs. It reviews terminology related to various types of genital prolapse, such as cystocele and rectocele. The article discusses the factors influencing the prevalence of POP, which varies between 2.9% and 53%, depending on the presence of asymptomatic cases. It analyzes findings from the Women's Health Initiative Study, which highlights the high incidence of different prolapse types among perimenopausal women. The significance of diagnosing asymptomatic forms, which can account for up to 50% of cases, is underscored. The findings stress the importance of early diagnosis and prevention of prolapse to enhance women's quality of life. Keywords: pelvic organ prolapse, pelvic floor, cystocele, rectocele, epidemiology, reproductive age, menopause, asymptomatic forms, Womens Health Initiative Study, diagnosis. Introduction. Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition in which the pelvic organs (uterus, vagina, bladder, rectum) are displaced from their normal position. POP is a common condition, but the exact prevalence is difficult to determine. According to international studies, the prevalence ranges from 2.9% to 53%, due to the large number of asymptomatic cases. Pelvic descent can occur as early as the reproductive years and often progresses, especially with the onset of menopause. For example, in the Women's Health Initiative Study of 16,616 perimenopausal women, the prevalence of uterine prolapse was found to be 14.2%, cystocele 34.3%, and rectocele 18.6%. Factors such as study design, inclusion criteria, key symptoms, and the large number of asymptomatic forms account for the large variation in the prevalence of genital prolapse. Studies based on subjective symptom recording report the prevalence of the symptomatic stage of pelvic insolvency ranging from 2.9% to 8.3%. At the same time, it is important to consider asymptomatic cases of pelvic descent, which may account for up to 50%, including minimal anatomical changes detectable on gynecological examination but not symptomatic. Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) is a pathological process characterized by the prolapse of the pelvic floor and organs located in the pelvic region. Pelvic floor descent can be described as a herniated protrusion at the vaginal entrance. The following terminology is used to better diagnose the different forms of genital prolapse: a cystocele is an isolated prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall, whereas a rectocele refers to a prolapse of the posterior vaginal wall. POP can lead to a variety of physical and psycho-emotional distress. Prevention of the progression of this condition plays an important role in maintaining women's health. In this 91 ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYA ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/si material, we will consider the main causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and methods of prevention of internal genital prolapse. Causes of internal genital prolapse Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) is a complex condition influenced by various factors. Understanding the causes of genital prolapse is essential for prevention and management. Here are key factors contributing to the development of POP: 1. Loss of Tissue Elasticity: As women age, the connective tissues and muscles in the pelvic floor can weaken, leading to a greater risk of prolapse. The decrease in estrogen levels during and after menopause also contributes to the weakening of pelvic support structures. 2. Childbirth - Trauma to Pelvic Floor: Vaginal deliveries can stretch and damage the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues. Multiple births and larger infants can increase the likelihood of significant pelvic floor trauma. - Episiotomy and Instruments: Surgical interventions during childbirth, such as episiotomy or the use of forceps, can also contribute to pelvic floor damage. 3. Genetics: A family history of prolapse or pelvic floor disorders can indicate a genetic predisposition to weaker connective tissue, making individuals more susceptible to pelvic organ prolapse. 4. Increased Pressure: Excess body weight increases abdominal pressure on the pelvic floor. This pressure exacerbates the risk of prolapse by straining the supportive structures. 5. Increased Intra-abdominal Pressure: Conditions that cause chronic coughing, such as smoking or chronic bronchitis, can elevate intra-abdominal pressure and lead to weakening of the pelvic floor. 6. Straining During Bowel Movements: Persistent constipation can lead to straining, which may weaken pelvic support structures over time, contributing to prolapse. 7. Estrogen Deficiency: Reduced estrogen levels post-menopause can lead to the deterioration of pelvic connective tissue, making prolapse more likely. 8. Strain from Physical Demand: Engaging in vigorous activities, especially those that involve heavy lifting or straining, can put excessive pressure on the pelvic floor and lead to prolapse. 9. Impact on S