СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ НЕОЛОГИЗМЫ В ТЕКСТАХ

Аннотация

The vocabulary of each country is constantly changing and developing in different ways. This process reflects the global nature of language and communication. It shows how quickly the use of new words or meanings can move from one end of the globe to the other. English neologism s, marked by online English dictionaries for the period 2016-2019, became the object of study of this article. Media occupies an important place among the intermediaries in the dissemination of new words. Journalists can be the authors of neologisms, and like news editions, they can open up new prospects for the use of various neologisms. Keywords: Media, texts, neologism, novelty, pragmatic, potential. СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ НЕОЛОГИЗМЫ В ТЕКСТАХ Аннотация. Лексика каждой страны постоянно меняется и развивается по- разному. Этот процесс отражает глобальный характер языка и коммуникации. Он показывает, как быстро использование новых слов или значений может перемещаться с одного конца земного шара на другой. Объектом исследования данной статьи стали английские неологизмы s, отмеченные онлайн-словарями английского языка за период 2016- 2019 гг. СМИ занимают важное место среди посредников в распространении новых слов. Журналисты могут быть авторами неологизмов и, подобно новостным изданиям, могут открыть новые перспективы использования различных неологизмов. Ключевые слова: Медиа, тексты, неологизмы, новизна, прагматика, потенциал. A new word in the text of the newspaper goes through the stage of socialization. In addition, semantic novelty gives rise to pragmatic novelty. The material for the study was the online media texts of high-quality British and American newspapers. This allows us to obtain a detailed understanding of the specifics of neologism s and allows us to trace the level of productivity of their use in the two main diatonic versions of the English language. The results obtained indicate that there is a consistent pattern before lexicographers begin to observe an interest in the society for new words it takes at least 3-4 years. The same trend is observed when using neologism s on the pages of quality newspapers. Sometimes a new lexical unit gets a stylistic connotation. The dynamics of the use of lexical innovations is cyclical in connection with the importance of the problems that arise in society. 45 Modern life requires the study of all that is new in language. Like any language, English is experiencing a "neological boom." There are a number of definitions for the term "neologism." According to Cambridge English Dictionary, it is “a new word or expression, or a new meaning for an existing word”. In researches, scientists often use the term “coinage” (Crystal, 2002). Neologisms — newly coined words or new senses of an existing word — are constantly being introduced into a language (Algeo, 1980). An ever-growing stream of new names contributes to a significant expansion of the neological space of the language (Katermina, 2017). The field of neology has attracted the attention of linguists for more than a dozen years. A large number of research papers are devoted to the study and analysis of neologisms. Literature review revealed that the majority of research studies on neologisms belong to the field of linguistics. They are based on five theories, which define neologisms from different perspectives: stylistic theory (Ratsiburskaya & Solovyeva, 2018; Rets, 2014); denotation theory (Ulanova, 2014); structural theory (Toropkina, 2019); etymological theory (Cook, 2010); lexicographic theory (Yashina & Polyakova, 2017). Nevertheless, the specificity of the object under study is such that the topic does not exhaust itself, and research works continue to be relevant. Media quickly respond to the emergence of new objects and phenomena of the world. However, one should not forget that in the modern communicative environment new types of media behavior of people have arisen (Kondrashkina & Maslova, 2018). A media text, like any other text, is a concrete act of communication and is one of the most common forms of the language’s modern existence. Its main feature is that its ultimate goal is not only communication of information, but also a certain impact on the reader, that is, his pragmatic orientation (Terekhova et al., 2018). Thus, in the course of the study, it is important to consider the functioning of neologisms as a communicative-pragmatic means in media texts, and to study the factors of linguistic and cultural conditionality of their application. It allows us to obtain a more detailed understanding of the specifics of the occurrence of neologisms and to trace the level of productivity of their use in the two main diatonic versions of the English language, therefore, media texts from the high-quality press of the United States and Great Britain were chosen for the study. The quantitative ratio of lexical units according to the thematic division was calculated within one year, where the total annual indicator corresponded to 100%. T