THE ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF THE BASICS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Аннотация

The essence of small business and entrepreneurship. Economic, social and legal foundations of small business and entrepreneurial activity. The purpose and tasks of small business and entrepreneurship development. The role of small business and entrepreneurship in the economy. Main directions of development of small business and entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan during the world financial and economic crisis. State support for the development of small business and entrepreneurship. Measures aimed at directing young people to entrepreneurship in the State program "Year of a Perfect Generation". KEYWORDS: Entrepreneurship, economy, qualification, business. INTRODUCTION of the 18th century. In his opinion, an entrepreneur is a person who operates under One of the main factors of economic risk conditions. Therefore, he considered the development in the conditions of market land and labor factor as a source of wealth that relations is the development of small business determines economic well-being. Later, at the and entrepreneurial activities. end of the 18th century and the beginning of So, what is the meaning of the concepts of the 19th century, the famous French "entrepreneur" and "entrepreneurship" and economist J.B. Say (1767-1832) in his book what does it mean? "Treatise on Political Economy" (1803) described entrepreneurial activity as three The English economist Richard Cantilon was classic factors of production - land, capital, the first to use these concepts in their current labor integrity. sense at the end of the 17th and the beginning “THE ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF THE BASICS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP” P age 10 | 4 He emphasized that the success of English same time, A. Smith showed that the market is industry was ensured by the "talent of English a powerful force, that it always provides entrepreneurs". J.B. In Sey's main thesis, it is society with necessary goods, and that this said that entrepreneurs perform the main system is self-coordinating. In his opinion, the activity in product production. According to market system that is left to itself will develop J.B. Sey, the income received by an and the wealth of the people with such a entrepreneur is a reward given for his work, system will increase. organization of production, and timely sale of Many people began to understand the products. An entrepreneur undertakes the importance and role of the entrepreneurship production of a product by taking a risk. institute at the borders of the XIX-XX It should be noted that the founders of centuries. French economist Andre Marshall economics paid little attention to the form of (1907-1968) was the first to add a fourth factor entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial activity to the three factors of production (land, was not the object of analysis of their research capital, labor) - the factor of organization. work. English economists A. Smith (1723- Since then, the concept of entrepreneurship 1790) and D. Ricardo (1772-1823) accepted and the scope of work in this field have been the economy as a self-coordinating expanding. mechanism. There was no place for creative American economist J.B. Clark (1847-1938) entrepreneurship in this mechanism. A. Smith made some changes to J.B. Sey's "triple paid special attention to the definition of an formula". According to him, four factors are entrepreneur in the book "Investigation of the always involved in production: nature and causes of the wealth of nations" (1776). According to A. Smith, an entrepreneur 1) capital; is a capital owner. He implements a certain 2) means of production and land; business idea and starts working with risk to get income, because investing capital in any 3) entrepreneurial activity; business is always associated with risk. 4) labor of the worker. Entrepreneurial income, according to A. Smith, is a reward for personal risk. The entrepreneur Each factor reflects its own profit from himself plans and organizes production, owns production: the capitalist receives additional the results of production activities. These interest from the capital; land gives rent; the works, in turn, are related to the market capitalist's business activity generates income; system. Therefore, A. Smith introduces us to the work of the worker provides him with a the central mechanism of the market system - salary. In other words, in the words of J.B. the mechanism of competition. Everyone who Clark: "Free competition gives labor what is looking for his own benefit will meet people comes from labor, capitalists get what capital who are walking with this goal in the market. creates, entrepreneurs get what comes from As a result, every acting subject in the market coordination." This is how he understood agrees to the prices offered by the competitor. entrepreneurial activity. In this kind of competition, it is not out of the The famous American economist Y. question that a producer who sets a higher Schumpeter (1883-1950) in his book "Theory price for similar goods will lose a buye