Ghaybullayeva Nafisakhon Nosirjon qizi

Аннотация

This article substantiates the complex socio-psychological processes that are carried out through the acquisition of knowledge and skills in modern pedagogy, as well as the formation of human qualities, a system of values, and social consciousness. The results of studying the possibilities of achieving educational goals through universal educational activities in primary school students show that universal educational activities have a special place not only as a means of acquiring knowledge, but also as an effective pedagogical mechanism for personal and social development, the formation of educational qualities. Through them, students gradually master such skills as independent thinking, making moral choices, feeling civic responsibility, a conscious attitude to work, striving for beauty, and readiness for social cooperation. Keywords: Universal educational activities, moral education, aesthetic education, labor education, primary education, educational integration, pedagogical methodology. ability to evaluate his own behavior, control his Introduction: In the integrated model of the attitude towards others, and make choices based on pedagogical process, universal educational activities moral criteria. In primary education, this process is are considered not only as cognitive activities, but also usually carried out through: as a means of forming moral assessments, aesthetic perception, and a conscious attitude towards work. - Discussing ethical situations; Through these activities, the student: - Moral-reflective questions like “Who is a - Responsibility for one's actions; good guy?”, “What is help?”, “What is justice?”; - Being able to distinguish between good - Modeling behavior through role-playing and evil; and dramatization. - To be able to see and feel beauty; METHODOLOGY - Appreciate work, discipline and the desire Universal educational activities allow for the to achieve results; acquisition of moral values through action in these processes. The learner does not simply memorize the As the Russian psychologist and educator AG Asmolov "right" answer, but rather experiences the moral noted, “universal educational activities are a stage of problem, makes a choice, and understands the adaptation of an individual to a social and cultural consequences. community, a preparation for making spiritual and moral decisions.” This idea is especially true at the For example, questions like: “What would you do if a primary education stage, indicating the need to student made fun of his friend in class?” not only logical harmonize the educational formation of a student but also moral reflection occurs. This is the initial stage through universal educational activities. of the formation of moral consciousness. Moral education: the formation of moral values based Aesthetic education: the role of universal activities in on universal educational activities. the formation of sensory perception and taste Moral education is aimed at developing the student's Aesthetic education is a process that develops a International Journal of Pedagogics 56 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281) student's ability to perceive beauty, understand visual, For example, by role-playing a situation such as: "What musical and artistic expressions, and appreciate them. would you do if truth and deceit collided?" the student Aesthetic education in primary education is carried out makes a choice. through: 2. Interesting assignments and projects: This - Perceiving the world through images in method is effective in strengthening labor education. music, art, and literature lessons; Students create a project plan, select materials, manage time, and present the result. In this process, - Conversations about beauty; they develop elements of initiative, planning, - Aesthetic evaluation: “What is beautiful responsibility, and aesthetic expression. about this work?”, “How do you feel?” For example: "My Dream Garden" project - children Through universal learning activities, the student not design their own garden and present it through only sees beauty, but also tries to create it. For drawings, writing, and reflections. example, through project assignments, mini- 3. Debate and discussion: One of the performances, and design work, the child begins to important methods in moral education. Students justify understand aesthetic decision-making and the their opinions, learn to respect the views of others. harmony between colors, sounds, and images. Through this method, they consciously express their This not only shapes the attitude towards art, but also moral position. the sense of appreciation for beauty in everyday life - For example: A discussion on the topic "What should a this is considered the foundation of culture. good friend be like?" Labor education: the formation of discipline, 4. Creative tasks (writing poetry, stories, responsibility, and initiative through universal drawing pictures): One