of seeds of squash variety orbita Aripova Shakhnoza Rakhmanovna

Аннотация

In this study, the physical parameters of seed fruits of squash such as weight, length, width, pulp and peel thickness, and seed placenta weight were analyzed. Thirteen fruit samples were investigated and correlations were found between their physical characteristics and seed number. The results show that fruit weight has a direct effect on fruit productivity: larger fruits contain more seeds and have greater pulp weight. A positive correlation between the mass of seed placenta and the number of developed seeds was also found. At the same time, the thickness of the cortex remains unchanged and has no effect on other parameters. This study can be useful for breeders and agronomists in selecting the most productive squash varieties for further seed production. Keywords: Seed fruits, squash, fruit weight, number of seeds, seed placenta weight, pulp thickness, seed production, productivity, physical parameters, correlation. Lima et al (2003) found that greater plant spacing Introduction: Seed production of squash plays an increased fruit and seed yield per plant but had no important role in ensuring stable yields and improving effect on seed yield per area [7]. They also reported crop efficiency. Seed quality and quantity depend that hand pollination using whole anthers gave similar directly on the physical characteristics of seed fruits, results to natural pollination in terms of seed yield and such as their weight, size, pulp and rind thickness, and quality. Overall, these studies indicate that pollen seed placenta weight. The study of these parameters quantity and plant spacing can affect pumpkin seed provides a better understanding of the factors that yield with different effects on seed quality. influence plant productivity and quality seed yields. These studies investigate the factors affecting seed and In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the fruit quality in pumpkin varieties. Gupta et al. (2023) optimization of agricultural technologies, including the investigated the effect of fruit load management and breeding of squash and other vegetable crops. postharvest ripening on seed production of summer Research in this area is aimed at increasing yields and pumpkin. They found that limiting fruit to 2 per plant improving seed quality, which plays an important role and providing 20-30 days of postharvest ripening in sustainable agricultural development. improved seed quality and yield. This was attributed to These studies investigated the effect of pollen number better assimilate distribution and longer delivery and plant spacing on pumpkin seed yield and quality. period. The study also observed changes in enzyme Nascimento et al. (2011) and Lima et al. (2003) found activity and malonic dialdehyde content during the that increasing pollen number significantly increased treatments which affected seed quality [6]. seed yield per fruit and per area [7, 8]. However, One of the most important aspects is to analyze the Cardoso (2003) did not report significant differences in effect of fruit weight and size on seed yield. For fruit and seed yield under different pollen loads [5]. example, Ivanov et al. (2020) showed that larger squash Regarding seed quality, Nascimento et al (2011) fruits have better seed characteristics such as higher observed no significant effect of pollen quantity except seed yield and seed weight. Fruit weight was found to for lower germination at very low quantities [8]. have a direct effect on seed quantity and quality, which Cardoso (2003) observed higher seed quality with is supported by a number of similar studies conducted natural pollination compared to hand pollination [5]. American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 4 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) on other crops such as pumpkin and cucumber [1]. bark. Determination of seed yield from fruits and seed yield was carried out in each variant in 4-fold repetition, Another important area of research concerns the where 20 fruits were taken, fruit weight was relationship between the weight of the seed placenta determined, from which seeds were extracted and and the number of developed seeds. Sidorov (2019) after drying the number and weight of seeds were proved that a heavier seed placenta contributes to an determined. Then seed yield was determined by the increase in the number of developed seeds, which is weight of fruits and seeds. associated with better nutrition and fruit development. This is consistent with the data obtained in a study of The promising squash variety Orbita served as an object squash, where placenta weight was positively of research. The variety Orbita, bred by analytical correlated with the number of seeds and their mass [4]. selection from the sample 0044SQ high-yielding, with non-traditional rounded fruits. In addition, an important aspect is the study of the effect of fruit pulp and peel thick