About Artistic Features of Folk Proverbs and Poems in The Work “Devonu Lugoti-T-Turk” Salima Rustamiy Aliybeg Kizi

Аннотация

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artistic features of Uzbek folk proverbs from the work "Devonu lug‘ati-t-turk". It is based on the active use of such arts as saj’, iyjoz, ishtiqaq, tazod, takrir, which serve to strengthen and emphasize the meaning in folk proverbs. Keywords: Folk proverbs, artistic arts, saj’, iyjoz, ishtiqaq, tazod, takrir. aesthetically pleasing forms. This aesthetic Introduction: Mahmud al-Kashgari’s Dīwān Lughāt al- requirement is realized through the available Turk is of exceptional scholarly significance as the expressive tools of a language. In this regard, scholars oldest extant work in the field of Turkology. Academic have noted: “The structure and behavior of all beings— research has demonstrated that this work contains especially humans—exhibit a high degree of perfection, valuable information regarding the language, including beauty. Beyond natural beauty, humans also literature, culture, spiritual life, politics, and economy create artificial beauty… All such beauty, and its of Turkic peoples. Furthermore, it confirms that aesthetic qualities, are reflected through language. This Mahmud al-Kashgari was the first linguistic scholar in is one of the functions of language—to express beauty. world science history to apply comparative-historical At the same time, language itself is utilized by poets and contrastive methods, establishing himself as the and the general populace as a material of beauty. For founder of Turkological studies. language is a refined phenomenon, encompassing all The Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk includes numerous examples the attributes necessary for beauty… On the one hand, of oral folk literature aimed at elucidating the meanings it serves as a mirror of natural and human beauty; on of words. The incorporation of eloquent expressions, the other hand, it embodies the very essence from proverbs, and poetic fragments has substantially which beauty is created… When we approach language enriched the work in both form and content (Rustamiy, as a substance of beauty, we find in it a level of 2016; Rustamiy, 2021). The author himself states: “I perfection that evokes astonishment… This perfection adorned this book... with wise sayings, rhymed prose, of language constitutes its beauty and provides the proverbs, songs, rajaz verses, and narrative fragments” foundation for the oratorical or literary skill of its (Mutallibov, 1960, p. 44). The skillful and appropriate users—whether speakers or writers” (Rustamiy, 2022, use of folk oral expressions within the lexicographic pp. 239–242). structure of the work attests to the author’s This expressive skill first found manifestation in the outstanding linguistic competence. forms of oral folk literature. Works of oral folklore THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK emerge as a result of the keen and insightful The human inclination toward beauty is inherent in observations of common people about the world and nature and becomes a driving force for creative human existence, expressed in artistically appealing expression. As in other domains of life, in language as forms. These works convey the didactic wisdom of the well there arises a need to convey meaning in people, accumulated through generations of lived American Journal Of Philological Sciences 275 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) experience. examples of repetition (takrīr). This proverb is used to mock someone boasting in front of one who knows Among such works, proverbs in particular resonate them well. The underlying thought is conveyed with the collective consciousness of the people due to succinctly, reflecting the rhetorical device of ījāz their thematic and formal affinity with everyday (economy of expression), a common feature across experience. They offer guidance for responding wisely many proverbs and maxims. to the wide range of events encountered in life, encouraging the rejection of evil and the pursuit of Another proverb: virtue. This functional relevance constitutes a “Ағылда оғлақ туғса арықда оты унәр” foundational element in their enduring vitality. (Mahmud Kashgari, 2017, under “арық”) Yet, another crucial factor underlying the vitality and Translated as: popularity of folk proverbs, riddles, poems, and songs is their linguistic eloquence—what might be termed "If a kid goat is born in the shed, its dung appears in the “balāgha” in Arabic, “aesthetic” in Western canal." terminology, or simply “chechanlik” (expressiveness) in (Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk-1, 2016, p. 63) Turkic tradition. Their enduring resonance lies in the Here, ījāz conveys the deep idea that one should not high degree of this expressive power. overly worry or strive for provision—what is destined If the meanings (arising from essential human needs) will manifest naturally. The parallelism of “ағылда” and and the qualitative expressions (beautiful states) of “арықда” in rhyme (sajʿ) enhances the proverb’s speech are universal among