Improving Methods of Exogenous Prophylaxis of Permanent Teeth in Children of Specialized Special Schools INDIAMINOVA Gavkhar Nuriddinovna

Аннотация

Objective: to improve methods of early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of caries of permanent teeth in mentally retarded children attending special schools. Methods: During the study, general clinical, laboratory, biochemical, functional, instrumental and statistical methods were used. The object of the study was 220 pupils attending special boarding schools No. 62 and 63 of Samarkand city and Akdarya district, respectively, from 2018 to 2021. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in mentally retarded children studying in specialized schools depends on their level of socialization, nutrition and the presence of Down syndrome. The risk group includes socialized children without Down syndrome: the caries intensity index was 3.8 4.9; 5.8, and the prevalence is 42.0, 76.0 and 85.0% in children 8, 10 and 12 years old, respectively. The prevalence of caries in children with Down syndrome was lower - 33.0, 64.0 and 72.0% in children 8, 10 and 12 years old, respectively. Conclusions: According to the results of applying a special preventive algorithm, the number of cariogenic microorganisms on the teeth slightly decreased from the initial values. Thus, the most optimal treatment regimen with a high therapeutic effect in mentally retarded patients has been identified, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce its time. Keywords: Dental caries, periodontal disease, epidemiological study, caries intensity, mental retardation. the appointment of measures to prevent complications Introduction: Currently, caries is the most common of this pathology, taking into account the pathogenetic dental pathology in the world, which is explained by its properties and reducing the number of relapses of the medical and social significance and an increase in the disease are among the problems that require a solution incidence rate among the population from year to year. in medicine [2,5,9]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "... the prevalence of caries among dental diseases is 63.3- A number of scientific studies are being conducted 88.7%, in particular in healthy 12-year—olds - 37.8- worldwide aimed at providing dental care to children 50%, and in 15—year-olds - from 57.7% to 84.7%, that with mental retardation, prescribing treatment based is, these indicators increase with age [1,4,6]. When on the underlying disease (mental retardation) and studying the average prevalence of caries in children further improving these methods [6,7,10,12]. In this with mental retardation, their high level was revealed, regard, it is especially important to conduct scientific while it was found that in children with mild mental research aimed at improving the range of measures for retardation at the age of 13-18, this pathology occurs the individual selection of therapies, assessing the in up to 100% of cases and is associated with the quality of life of patients, as well as introducing severity of the underlying disease. Currently, the early effective treatment into practice, taking into account diagnosis of caries in children with mental retardation, the use of general anesthesia in children with mental American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 112 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141) retardation, taking a number of medications for the The purpose of the study: To improve the methods of underlying neurological disease, in particular prevention of caries of permanent teeth in children antipsychotics, antidepressants, tranquilizers, with intellectual disabilities based on ozone therapy in nootropics that cause hyper- or hyposalivation, sealing the fissures of teeth. decreased pain sensitivity, which in turn contribute to METHODS the transition of the acute form of the disease into a 220 patients with intellectual disabilities from chronic one [3, 11, 12]. specialized boarding schools No. 62 in Samarkand and Dental care for mentally retarded children is fraught No. 63 in Akdarin district were examined, including with a number of difficulties due to their lack of contact between 6, 9 and 12-year-old boarding school students due to an underlying disease (mental disorders and (Fig. 1). Depending on age, gender, diet, type of major behavioral disorders, diseases of the nervous system) neurological diseases, presence of Down syndrome and and requires treatment of this group of children under degree of During the socialization of children, the general anesthesia, which is not always possible due to hygienic condition of the oral cavity was studied with their concomitant severe somatic pathology. In the use for a certain period of time of a special program addition, not all institutions of this type have dental aimed at preventing caries of permanent teeth, the offices. All this dictates the need to find new forms of level of their effectiveness is determined. General dental care for mentally retarded ch