Salih Tiryaki

Аннотация

Suicide is the highest point of a person's socio-spiritual helplessness, helplessness, powerlessness, and lack of will. The increase of this situation in a society, its frequent repetition, the popularization of suicide methods means an "emergency call" about serious social and political problems. Although Uzbek intellectuals have studied the suicidal situation through several psychological and sociological studies, the issue of its coverage in the press has not been researched a lot. The main purpose of the article is to research the reasons for the increase in the dynamics of suicide by women at the beginning of the 1990s, why this particular method was chosen, and how these cases were reflected in the media. For this, we studied the 1989-1991 issues of Saodat magazine for women. Keywords: Suicide, transition period, Perestroika (economic reconstruction), Glasnost (transparency), self- immolation. would improve rapidly due to acceleration and Introduction: During various historical processes, openness, but by 1989, those sparks began to fade. This especially during transitional periods from one regime was reflected in a growing sense of despair and loss of to another, an increase in suicide cases among people hope among the population. The peak of this emotional has been widely studied through sociological and downturn manifested in demonstrative suicides. psychological research. During those years in Uzbekistan, 32.7% of completed The methods of suicide are closely tied to the time, suicides were committed through self-immolation. In place, available means, and also to the gender and other words, nearly one in three individuals who personality traits of the individual attempting it committed suicide chose to burn themselves. (Demirji, 2022). Naturally, these methods differ On April 23, 1985, at the Plenary Session of the Central between men and women due to the latter's emotional Committee of the CPSU held in Moscow, Mikhail sensitivity, stability, and motivations. Gorbachev was elected as General Secretary. He Transitional periods often become a source of intense announced his ideological principles and new path to psychological stress for both the state and its citizens. the public. His vision for the Soviet society included a This is because such times are marked by uncertainty comprehensive renewal of state and party about the future, occasional hopelessness, the need to bureaucracy, radical economic reforms, and adapt from an old lifestyle to a new one, and the democratization of social life. Gorbachev's Perestroika inability to envision the future, which leads to inner aimed to redirect the economy not according to central fears and doubts. In Uzbekistan, the "Perestroika" plans but according to societal needs, avoid reforms initiated in the USSR in 1985 created exactly unnecessary investments, halt unproductive such a "space and time" of socio-psychological tension. expenditures like military defense, armament, and aid At first, there were sparks of hope that everything to third-world countries, and increase worker American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 324 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141) participation in production nationwide (Andijan, 1996). studied these phenomena from a psychological However, by the 1990s, the failure of Perestroika and perspective, writes the following: "The choice of self- the parallel Glasnost policy led to economic crises, food immolation as a method of suicide among women in shortages, devaluation of farmers' labor, a series of our republic is characterized by a certain ‘advantage’ ecological problems, a shortage of educational staff from the perspective of the individual performing the due to migration or career changes, an act: that is, this method leaves a strong emotional underperforming healthcare system, and water supply impression on those around, portrays the suicidal deficiencies. As a result, people began to question the individual as a 'victim,' and is marked by a certain ideology and faith in the "great Soviet state," leading to degree of demonstrativeness." a prevailing mood of hopelessness. The psychological essence of the behavior of women In the second half of the 1980s, a rise in socially who commit suicide includes the expression of alarming trends was observed, including an increase in rebellion, a desire for revenge, and a cry for help— orphans with living parents, deteriorating child health, factors that influence their choice of this particular anemia among mothers, rising youth crime, suicide, method. self-immolation, expulsion of elderly parents from When examining women who committed suicide, it homes, overuse of women in physically demanding was found that most had secondary education, were labor, and more. economically dependent, obedient, selfless, and These issues prompted society to investigate their deep possessed clearly expressed psyc