Analysis of Some Polysemantic Lexemes in The Work "Devonu Lugʻotit Turk" Ahmadjonova Maftuna Alijon qizi

Аннотация

"DEVONU LUGʻOTIT-TURK" (often called "Devon-i Lugat-it-Turk") is a Turkish dictionary written in the 11th century, compiled by Mahmud al-Qashghari. It is of great importance in the study of the lexical richness of Turkic languages, providing valuable information about polysemous words and their use in different contexts. The article discusses the method of explaining polysemous words in the work "Devonu lugatit turk". Although this dictionary is the most important work of 11th-century lexicography, it is a very important source from this point of view, showing the historical development of Turkic languages. Keywords: Polysemantic words, primary meaning, secondary meaning, homonyms, dictionary, lexicology, lexicography. Cases of two or more meanings that are similar in form Introduction: The enrichment of words with new occurring in the same form can be seen in the text [3.]. meanings is a legal process. In the lexicon, processes such as the change in the meaning of each lexeme, its In the system of lexical units explained in "Devon", it is use in a new sense, its withdrawal from use, its noted that there are words with one, two, three and six passivation and activation are observed. From this meanings. Lexicographers who lived in the post- point of view, the examination of the meaning of words Kashgari period, such as Tole Imani Hiravi, Mahdiykhan, on the basis of historicity is especially important in Nasiriy, used various methods in explaining words in revealing the laws of the emergence of new words [1.]. the language of classical works [4.]. The word is historically developed in connection with Mahmud Kashgari, as an educated and knowledgeable the development of society. The subtleties of the intellectual of his time, was the first to reveal the meaning of the new lexeme occupy a strong place in meanings of words, revealing the traditions of Eastern the language, in the living language of the people. Each lexicography. He tried to record all the meanings of lexical unit can mean concepts that are close to each each lexical unit. The dictionary contains many words, other or separate in their place. The meanings of words from single-meaning lexemes to six-meaning words. and subtleties of meaning are distinguished by their During the research, we analyzed single-meaning and individuality, such as primary and secondary meanings. polysemantic words separately. As a result, it was One of the meanings of words is distinguished found that such words exist in all three parts of individually, and the other cases are distinguished by “Devonu lugʻatit-turk” [7.]. Mahmud Kashgari tried to the aspects of the formation of secondary meanings by record other meanings of words in the dictionary, in people. In fact, the study of the expansion and addition to the original meaning. Below we will development laws of the meaning of words greatly consider polysemantic lexical units. helps to determine the homonymous, synonymous, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION paronymic, antonymic and polysemous properties of Polysemantic words in which the name of one object words, to observe the vocabulary richness of the is transferred to another based on formal similarity: language, and to compile various dictionaries [2.]. Ükäk 1. Chest; 2. Coffin (10. DLT, 44). A chest and a American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 158 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141) coffin are similar in shape, both being rectangular. Örtüg 1. A veil, a covering; for example, a saddle veil (cover); 2. The silken cloth that is draped over the A:ğ 1. The space between two thighs, a cleft, a gap; yüz graves of great men, and anything else that is covered, at mening ağdïn kečti- A hundred horses passed under is also called this (10. DLT, 54). Both the veil over the my feet; 2. This also applies to the space between the saddle and the veil over the grave serve as a covering. toes (10. DLT, 45). The space between the toes and the space between the two thighs are also triangular in Yoğač 1. The other bank of a stream or river; 2. For shape There is a similarity in shape between them. example, when a person stands in one place, there is a tree in front of him; yoğač kečtim- I crossed from this Owruğ 1. 1. This word is also called oğruğ 1. The joint side of the river to that side, it means (10. DLT, 326). of bones; 2. The end of a mountain slope; 3. The place where the spine joins the neck (10. DLT, 60). Just as the Formation of polysemantic words based on similarity parts of the bone are divided into sections and are of action and state: located separately, the slopes of the mountain are also Učdi 1. Flew, the bird flew.; 2. Anïn qutï učdi- his located like joints. fortune, happiness, and wealth were gone.; 3. Er atdan Paldir 1. A protruding object resembling the tip of a qudi učdi- A man fell from a horse. (10. DLT, 80). mountain; 2. Togʻ paldiri- mountain peak (10. DLT, Očdï 1. Ot