Влияние процессов глобализации на этническую культуру

Аннотация

The present article seeks to explain the impact of the processes globalization on national cultures and the response of ethnic cultures to such processes from the viewpoint of alternate progress theories. The immanent connection between globalization and ethno-cultural diversity, proximity and national-cultural models of alternative development are the object of our research.In the current period, the communicative function of culture has expanded dramatically, transformation processes are taking place in it in accordance with global changes. In particular, forms of indirect communication (mobile phone, Internet) are making radical changes in this function. Now there is rapid rapprochement of cultures, exchange of experience and mutual enrichment. At the same time, it is necessary that the communicative function does not harm the diversity of ethno-cultures, does not interfere with intercultural communication in accordance with national interests, and especially does not focus on the decision- making of Western popular culture. No matter how much international dialogue and integration help to establish universal values and norms, they should not serve to make a culture in a mood of expansion become a dominant force.During the period of democratic reforms, scientific and practical research was started on the restoration of Uzbek ethnic culture, the use of its historical, educational and artistic-aesthetic possibilities. The state is leading the development of many types of folk creativity and art. However, comprehensive research of Uzbek ethnic culture, its genesis, sociological and axeological foundations, integration relations with the culture of sister nations, and comparison with other ethnic cultures in the system of these relations is one of the tasks before us. Philosophical studies conducted today are mainly empirical in nature, philosophical generalizations are rare in them. Therefore, there is a scientific-theoretical need to study cooperation, communication and integration between ethnic cultures under the influence of globalization from a philosophical point of view, without forgetting the allogenesis and ideogenesis of ethnic culture. It should focus not only on making philosophical generalizations, but also on finding ways to effectively use artistic-aesthetic possibilities, tools, and artifacts. Keywords: globalization, ethnic culture, national-cultural models, America-centrism, Eurocentrism, ethnocultural pluralism, dialogue of civilizations Today, humanity is faced with global problems that require immediate solutions. Since these problems are realities of a global nature, it is impossible to ensure social development without researching them, identifying their causes, combining existing opportunities, and rationalizing human activity. Globalization is actually a positive reality, that's why all countries look at globalization as a guarantee of broad integration. 164 During the past years, in some literature, the opinions that globalization is the "American reality" or the unification of ethno-cultures and social, political, economic and cultural intervention carried out by the USA have also been noted. This is often based on the fact that the majority of transnational corporations, which implement international integration, are based in the United States, and that the products of the American cultural industry are distributed around the world. Although the economy, politics, and cultural products of the United States play an important role in the processes of globalization, calling globalization "American" is an attempt to make a simple, vivid interpretation of the complex, colorful, and internal conflicts in the world. Peter L. Berger is right: “global culture is, in its essence, unmistakably American. But this is not the only direction of changes taking place in today's world, it will become a priority tradition in the future..." [1; p. 9.]. Because "today the United States has great power, but they are not forcing other countries to accept their culture." [1; p. 10.]. According to some researchers, today the USA and Europe are the main factors of globalization processes. [2; p. 11.]. Some researchers have thought about the crisis of Eurocentrism. [3, 4]. So, can Americanism and Eurocentrism become ideas that determine the fate and development of the world? Will Americanism and Eurocentrism win out over globalization's impact on ethnocultural pluralism? Can national-cultural models of independent countries be an alternative development path to globalization? It is difficult to fully answer these questions within the framework of a short article, but we think that revealing them in the form of a concept, in a general direction, can be the basis for future research. 1. Can America-centrism and Eurocentrism become ideas that determine the fate and development of the world? Changes, innovations affecting social life, first of all, enter the consciousness of the people, the nation in the form