THE DECLINE OF THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION: A TRANSITION TO THE VEDIC ERA

Аннотация

This article investigates the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization and its subsequent transition to the Vedic era. The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's oldest urban civilizations, flourished for several centuries before its eventual decline. Through an analysis of archaeological evidence, including excavations, artifacts, and environmental data, this study explores the possible causes of the civilization's decline. Additionally, it examines the role of the Vedic culture, which emerged after the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization, in shaping the socio-cultural landscape of the Indian subcontinent. By delving into this transitional period, the article aims to contribute to our understanding of the factors that led to the decline of a remarkable ancient civilization and the emergence of a new cultural era. KEYWORDS Indus Valley Civilization, decline, transition, Vedic era, environmental factors, socio-political dynamics, cultural transformation, urban abandonment, trade networks, religious beliefs, linguistic developments, agricultural practices.