DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSISOFTUMOR-LIKE PERIODONTALDISEASES

Аннотация

Periodontitis presents a widespread and evolving challenge, making it difficult to establish clear diagnostic and treatment protocols. The complexity arises from the diverse etiologies, varying degrees of severity, nature of complications, individual health conditions, and genetic predispositions associated with periodontal disease. Comprehensive histological examination is crucial for accurate diagnosis and the development of effective treatment strategies for periodontal diseases. Keywords:parodontal tissues, еxamination of aparodontal diseases, histological research. Introduction.The diagnosis of periodontal diseases currently relies on a set of basic clinical examinations conducted in an outpatient setting. These assessments encompass evaluation of gingival health, measurement of periodontal ligament attachment loss, detection of supra- and subgingival deposits, and radiographic analysis of alveolar bone resorption. Whilepatient history, clinical examination, and periodontal indices contribute to the diagnostic process, the lack of standardization among various periodontal indices has led to divergent opinions within the dental community regarding their utility. Consequently, many practitioners remain hesitant to fully embrace these indices in routine practice. Furthermore, simply assessing oral hygiene status and theextent ofexisting periodontal damage provides limited diagnosticvalue. The purpose The primary goal of periodontal diagnosis is not simply to identify disease presence but to pinpoint the specific disease responsible for observable changes in periodontal tissues. A crucial aspect of this process involves distinguishing between diagnostic signs, which often share similar clinical presentations and symptoms. When focusing solely on inflammatory and degenerative changes within periodontal tissues, conventional examination methods are generally adequate for differentiating these conditions. However, when dealing with tumors and tumor-like diseases affecting the oral cavity and periodontium, traditional diagnostic approaches prove insufficient. Furthermore, the constraints of outpatient settings in contemporary dental clinics often preclude the use of supplementary laboratory investigations, including histological analysis of biopsies obtained through surgical periodontal treatments. The purpose of our work is to clearly demonstrate the need for a more complete and in-depth examination of a periodontal patient for diagnostic stage, including for identifying tumors and tumor-like periodontal diseases. This work analyzes the principles differential diagnosis of inflammatory dystrophic periodontal diseases. As is known, the main differential diagnostic. A sign for gingivitis, in contrast to other periodontal diseases, should be considered the absence of changes in thebone tissueofthe alveoli, which is an integral part of theperiodontal complex. www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIYMETODIK JURNAL JOURNAL OFIQRO –ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО –IQRO JURNALI –volume 14,issue01,2025 ISSN:2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR( RESEARCH BIB )–7,245,SJIF–5,431 The severity of gingivitis is determined by the totality of general changes in the body identified on stage of history taking and the degree of gum involvement in pathological process. Differential diagnostics of chronic, catarrhal and hypertrophic (edematous form) gingivitis is associated with a certain commonality ofthe clinical picture: patients complain of bleeding gums, changes in theappearance of thegingival margin. Usually, theproliferativeprocess characteristic of hypertrophic gingivitis is preceded by catarrhal inflammation, therefore, on one jaw, one can observe the phenomena of catarrhal gingivitis, and on the other - hypertrophic. Distinctive signs come from the presence in the examined patients of various general somatic diseases that cause gingivitis: in catarrhal gingivitis, most often cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infectious diseases, blood diseases (lymphocytic and myeloleukemia). In hypertrophic gingivitis — endocrine pathology, intake of certain medications, as well as blood diseases (leukemic reticulosis). Accordingly, the clinical picture will be different: swelling and hyperemia of the interdental papillae and gingival margin in catarrhal gingivitis; enlargement of the gingival papillae, pronounced deformation of the gingival margin, cyanosis, formation of false periodontal pockets — in hypertrophic gingivitis. Differential diagnostics of ulcerative necrotic gingivitis from generalized periodontitis in the acute stage is associated with the commonality of some symptoms: in both cases, the general condition of the patient suffers, signs ofintoxication appear, and pain syndrome is pronounced. With these two pathologies, swelling and hyperemia of the gingival margin, lost scalloping of the gum, painful palpation, poor oral hygiene (large amounts of soft plaque and hard dental deposits), halitosis are determined. Sharp bleeding with trauma to the gingival margin, supp