This article analyzes methods of developing VOLUME Vol.05 Issue03 2025 memory of students with intellectual disabilities, the role of memory in the cognitive process, and research on the topic

Аннотация

This article analyzes methods of developing VOLUME Vol.05 Issue03 2025 memory of students with intellectual disabilities, the role of memory in the cognitive process, and research on the topic. Examples of psychological tests for COPYRIGHT © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms developing the memory of children with intellectual of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. disabilities are presented, correctional exercises, games that develop cognition and memory are discussed. Keywords: Intellectual disability, game, memory, method, tool, exercise, child, process, special school, correctional exercise. Introduction: Currently, there is an increasing amount of research on updating and improving the content of education, in particular, on correcting cognitive processes and studying young students with mental retardation. Memory development plays an important role in correcting the cognitive processes of schoolchildren with mental retardation. This is because the requirements for memory efficiency are constantly increasing as a person grows older. The memory of children with intellectual disabilities has disorders in all types of memory, therefore, corrective work in this area is very relevant. By working on the development of memory, conducting special games, psychological tests, it is possible to increase the educational efficiency of students and their motivation for learning. All schoolchildren with mental retardation have memory deficiencies, and they apply to all types of memory, this is confirmed by research. Studies have shown that in this category of children, deviations from the norm have various forms and individual manifestations. The main memory processes in these children have their own characteristics: they remember external, sometimes randomly perceived visual signs well, they have difficulty understanding and European International Journal of Pedagogics 129 https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijp European International Journal of Pedagogics remembering internal logical connections, voluntary advisable for him to describe their properties out loud. memory is formed late, they make numerous errors Younger children can put objects in the bag themselves when reproducing verbal material. Episodic to remember better. Older children are given already forgetfulness in them is characterized by overactivity filled bags. of the nervous system due to general weakness. The The motor memory of children with mental retardation imagination of mentally retarded children is of the lower grades is developed through the fragmentary, vague and schematic. psychological test "Do as I do". At the first stage, an To develop the memory of mentally retarded children, adult stands behind the child and performs several it is necessary to adapt psychological methods taking manipulations with his body - raises his arms and puts into account their characteristics of perception and them to the sides, raises his legs, etc., and then asks the memory. For example, in tests, games and tasks, you child to repeat these movements. At the next stage, the need to reduce their dosage, reduce the number of defectologist himself performs several actions, and the words to memorize, and increase repetitions. At the child repeats them, then the child does his actions, and beginning, you need to ask them guiding questions. the defectologist repeats them after him. L.V. Cheremoshkina in her monograph "Development To develop the auditory memory of children with of Children's Memory" writes that the basis of memory mental retardation of the lower grades, the is the ability to retain genetically determined psychological test “Wonderful Words” is used. It is information. For the successful development of necessary to select 10 semantically related words: 5 memory, the author suggests using psychological tests, pairs should be obtained, for example: food-spoon, games and tasks. To develop tactile memory, a child window-door, face-nose, apple-banana, cat-dog. These with his eyes closed is offered the following: words are read to the child 3 times, moreover, the pairs are distinguished intonationally. After some time, the - try to hold and feel any object in his hand; child is repeated only the first word of the pairs, and he - feel an unfamiliar object with his hand and remember must remember the second. This develops short-term the sensations; auditory memory. To develop long-term memory, you - touch and feel an object and think about what it could need to ask children with mental retardation for the be. second words of the pairs not immediately, but after Also, L.V. Cheremoshkina suggests using poems, half an hour. riddles and games to develop memory. To develop the auditory memory and attention of In the book "How to develop a child's attention and children with mental retardation, the use of the memory", I.Yu. Matyugin suggests using psychological psychological test “Let's listen and draw” gives a good tests, ex