Особенности физического развития детей дошкольного возраста с аллергическими заболеваниями

Аннотация

Physical development is one of the main indicators of the health of the child population. Based on the results of studies of indicators of physical development, it is possible to obtain objective and reliable information about the state of health of children. If these studies are carried out in dynamics, then it is possible to make a scientifically grounded forecast regarding the state of health of children in the future.This information is of great scientific and practical importance for theoretical and practical medicine. The scientific significance of research devoted to the problem of physical development has especially increased in recent years. The fact is that the acceleration process, according to the literature of recent years, has significantly slowed down or even stopped. In this regard, it is necessary in new studies to clarify other aspects of this problem: Comprehensive study of the epidemiology of allergy in children. Clarification of the degree of influence of environmental factors on the physical development and health of children.Social and hygienic living conditions have a significant impact on the indicators of physical development and health status of children.Detemiination of the relationship between the interdependence of physical development and functional reserves of the body. Elucidation of the nature of the influence of various diseases on the physical development and health of children. 1 Introduction Hie state of physical development of children suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. To identify persons suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), children living in the Yunusabad district of Tashkent city were examined and examined. After a thorough clinical and allergic examination. 58 children with ARK were selected for further observation and research. The age of patients varied from 3 to 6 years, including at the age of 3 years - 16 (27.6%), 5 years - 13 (22.4%). 6 years - 14 (24.1%). Among the selected children, there were 33 boys (56.9%), and 25 girls (43.1%). The number of children in age groups and the ratio of boys and girls were approximately the same (Table 1.1). * Corresponding author: nidevorova@bk.ru ФЛЗ?ФЛ2А|Й>®Ф;Ф.2О21Ф13Я l?39®l?13Schin J Ind HygOccup Dis , 2021 , Vol.39 , No.13 85 Our studies have shown that the predominant symptoms in sick children were diffuse itching, burning in the nose and nasopharynx, rhinorrhea and paroxysmal sneezing, poor sleep, irritability, difficulty breathing through the nose, and general weakness. Table 1.1. Distribution of children with ARC by sex and age (n = 58). Age. years number of observed children Both sexes Boys Girls abs % abs % abs % 3 9 15.5 7 12.1 16 27.6 4 8 13.8 7 12.1 15 25.9 5 8 13.8 5 8.6 13 22.9 6 8 13.8 6 10.3 14 24.1 Total: 33 56.9-+6.5 25 43.1-+6.5 58 100.0 Examination of the nose showed swelling of the mucous membrane. Tire color of the mucous membrane was white, blue or gray. Nasal discharge was mucous, serous. Tire disease was clearly seasonal. Exacerbation of symptoms was often noted during the springsummer or summer-fall season. Tire duration or duration of the disease ranged from several months to 5 years or more (Table 1.2). Table 1.2. Duration (duration) of illness in children with ARK (n = 58). Duration of number of observed children illness Both sexes Boys Girls abs % abs % abs % Up to 2 years 15 25.9 13 22.4 28 48.3-+6.6 3-5 years old 10 17.2 8 13.8 18 Г 31.0-+6.1 Over 5 years 8 13.8 4 6.9 12 20.7-+5.3 Total: 33 56.9 25 43.1 58 100.0 Tire analysis showed that the duration of the disease up to 2 years was in 28 (48.3%) patients, from 3 to 5 years - in 18 (31.0%), over 5 years - in 12 (20.7‘lt/). Consequently, the vast majority of 46 (79.3%) patients suffered for a long period. This, naturally, negatively affected the growth and development and other indicators of children's health. It is of interest to analyze the results regarding the age of children at which the first symptoms of the underlying disease appeared. In most patients, the first symptoms of the underlying disease appeared at the age of 2-3 years - 33 (56.9%), which indicates that many patients suffered from ARC for a long period of time (Table 1.3). Table 1.3. Age of children at which the first symptoms of ARC appeared (n = 58). Age, years number of observed children Both sexes Boys Girls abs % abs % abs % 2-3 12 20.7 21 36.2 33 56.9-+6.5 4-5 10 17.2 15 25.9 25 43.1-+6.5 Total: 22 37.9 36 62.1 58 100.0 Literary data indicate that in recent years, cases of combined forms of allergy have become more frequent. Our data also showed that ARA was often combined with other allergic ФЛЗ?ФЛ2А|Й>®Ф;Ф.2О21Ф13Я l?39®l?13Schin J Ind HygOccup Dis , 2021 , Vol.39 , No.13 86 reactions. Hie most frequent combination was with dmg allergy - in 24 (41.4%), atopic dermatitis - in 20 (34.5%) and food allergy - in 14 (24.1%) (Table 1.4). Combined forms of allergy are distinguished by their chronic course, frequent exacerbations. Table 1.4. Distribu