HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLS OF FINE ARTS AND COMPOSITION IN THE TERRITORY OF ANCIENT UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

The article provides historical information on the history of the development of schools of fine arts and composition in the territory of ancient Uzbekistan. It also discusses the development of fine arts and composition in the manuscripts of miniature art, the artists’ attempts to reflect the historical events of the miniature, to accurately depict the human face. KEYWORDS:- Art of the ancient East and Uzbekistan, composition, fine arts. are reliable and important examples of the fine I NTRODUCTION arts of Uzbekistan. The first images in human history were drawn on Afrosiab, one of the cultural centers of the a graphic path, on rocks, on cave rocks. Images Eastern past, is a place that reflects the art of the found in Zarautsoy cave are an example of this. VII century BC. It is known from history that From the ancient images we can see the images Alexander’s army conquered Central Asia in 329- of wild bulls, deer, mountain goats, pigs, wolves, 337 BC, and Alexander promoted the Greek tigers and other wild animals, hunting on the language, culture, and religion in the occupied rocks of “Sarmishsay” in the foothills of territories from Greece to Central Asia. As a Zarafshan. In these images, people tried to result, a harmonization began between the fine express every thought, every feeling. and applied arts of the indigenous peoples and the art of the Hellenes. This harmony lasted a Ancient people believed in different religions and long time and began to appear in Hellenistic created statues to satisfy their beliefs. Samples of sculpture, murals, and examples of applied art, compositions made of clay, stone, wood, bone including architecture. During excavations in the have come down to us. These images of the past ruins of Afrosiab was found a precious stone CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 5 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(5): 05-12, May 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-05-03 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted21th May, 2021 & Published 26th May, 2021 with a picture of Alexander. The stone is the size side of the wall are better preserved. The picture of a nail and is believed to be the eye of a gold shows a ceremonial march from the spectator to ring lost by Alexander’s troops during the the left towards the castle. From the beginning to conquest of Samarkand. the end of the south wall we see the image of elephants, camels, riders on horses dressed in beautiful costumes. The White Elephant is sitting M on the Princess leading the caravan. The maid on ATERIAL AND METHODS horseback, who accompanies the procession, depicts three close women of the princess, followed by two camels, one with a thin The kingdom of Kushan is actually a political mustache, a young man with a black beard, and concept, and its geographical name is Bactria. the other with a white-haired mustache, a large The statues found in the area promote ideas such blue-eyed brunette old man. as love, family happiness, and fertility. Archaeological excavations have uncovered They are depicted with a whip in their hands statues of the Buddha standing upright. During representing the spirit of the palace and a long this period, the creation of Buddhist temples, in sword at the waist, a short dagger dress, and turn, led to the development of artistic then two men with their mouths tied, watching ornaments typical of Buddhism. In sculptures the white birds. They are followed by a giant such as the “Buddha” at the top of the old woman rider on a yellow horse, with a picture of a white and the “Devatto head” at Dalverzintepa, the bird, a prince sitting in a decorated red cloak, a shapes and positions on the face, eyes, nose, and belt with a gold belt, a sword and a bow and lips correspond to proportional balances. arrow. The images in the specially designed bag Examples include the crowned Prince of Kushan on the elephant are involuntarily captivating. We and dozens of other statues found at also see an image of a winged lion on a blanket Darverzintepa. decorated on an elephant. The image of a woman with a graceful beauty typical of the peoples of In the middle of the last century, a world-class the East, the chair and the forms in her dress are event took place in the study of our cultural elegantly expressed. heritage in the Central Asian region. As a result of archeological excavations in the ancient site of On the western part of the wall there is a Samarkand (belonging to the VII century BC) depiction of three heroes (men) in expensive under the name of Afrosiyob were found ornate costumes, and the image of legendary exquisite murals. The existence of such a colorful birds with beautiful jewelry around their necks. color art indicates that the art is highly The eastern part of the wall is depicted with fruit developed. The most characteristic example of branches in the hands of two men on a Afrosiyob color art is the