HYPO-HYPERONYMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAREMA AND ITS UNITS

Аннотация

The article discusses with paremas, their features, hypo-hyperonymic relations between parema and its constituent units, integral and differential sign of each unit. KEYWORDS: - Free compound, fixed compound, marked mark, unmarked member, hyperonym, hyponym, integral sign, differential sign. serve as a unifying, integral sign of stable I NTRODUCTION compounds. It is known that the differential sign of free and Stable compounds have been called differently stable compounds is the sign of “readiness” or by different authors to this day. In particular, in “stability”. According to this sign, a fixed the “Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary”, all such compound member of a word that is in combinations are expressed under the term opposition is a strong, marked, and a free “phraseology”, idioms, proverbs and sayings; member is a weak, unmarked member. All stable winged words, aphorisms; How are things? Are compounds, therefore, form a whole with the you in a good mood? such stamps are included in sign of “readiness”. The sign of “readiness” its composition. Signs of “semantic means that these compounds are pre-assembled, transposition”, “stability” and “readiness” are rounded, ready in the language before the recognized as important and universal features speaker’s speech. The “stability” sign indicates of phraseology [1,559]. the continuity of its components. T HE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS Although stable compounds have a commonality in terms of “readiness” and “stability”, they differ In the interpretation of phraseologies, the term in certain differential characteristics. So, it is parema is also recommended for all stable divided into small groups on the basis of these compounds. At this time, the parema contains all characters. It seems that the signs of “stability” the stable compounds. Phraseologism is CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 84 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(6): 84-87, May 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-06-17 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted25thJune, 2021 & Published 30thJune, 2021 interpreted as a type of parema. In particular, H. following: “Although proverbs are found in many Berdiyorov and R. Rasulov differentiate between forms, such as proverbs, parables, wisdom, wise paremiology, which studies parems, and sayings, proverbs, parables, they are phraseology, which studies phraseology. It is strengthened in the form of proverbs in modern argued that paremiology is inextricably linked Uzbek” [3,5]. with phraseology, “that if paremiology studies all From the above, it is clear that the author phraseologies of different character in language, understands proverbs, parables and aphorisms phraseology as a part of it studies only fixed as a single phenomenon and does not pay combinations of portable meanings” [2,10]. attention to their specific features. In this case, there is a hypo-hyperonymic G.Salomov distinguishes proverbs and parables: relationship between parema and phraseology, “A proverb is a phraseologism and speech that is with parema being hyperonym and phraseology widely used in language, figuratively expressing being hyponym. In addition to the sign of “hypo- things and events. The proverb expresses the hyperonymy”, the sign of “semantic speaker’s attitude to the content of his speech transposition” serves as a distinguishing mark ”[4,258]. The author considers the idiom to be a between these two units. According to the sign of stable phrase with an indivisible, portable “semantic transpositivity”, parema and meaning [4,263]. The scientist distinguishes phraseology enter into a mutually privative proverbs, sayings, idioms and includes them all opposition. The parema that forms the left in phraseology [5,118]. member in a pair of opposing members is weak, unmarked, and the phraseologisms that make up Currently, many authors recognize the the right member are considered strong, marked distinctive features of each of them and markers. emphasize that they are separate units [5; 6]. Stable compounds as a whole are not initially Proverbs, parables, and wise sayings, i.e., limited to division into parema and aphorisms, are recognized as components of phraseologisms, both species themselves have parems. Their unifying features are “stability”, the property of internal division. In particular, it “readiness”, “semantic transposition”. If these contains several types of stable compounds. In three characters are important signs of parems, particular, the authors of paremiological and these signs are paradigm-forming dictionaries add proverbs, parables, aphorisms characters, then it is necessary to add riddles to to the list of paremiological units [2,11]. the paradigm of paremas. Because the riddles also embody the above three characters that Hence, these authors recognize proverbs, make up the paradigm of paremas. For example, parables, and aphorisms as separate